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Clinical Dental Hygiene II > Pt With Physical Impairment Part 3 > Flashcards

Pt With Physical Impairment Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Spina Bifida

A

congenital defect or opening in the spinal column.

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2
Q

When the spinal cord protrudes through the spina bifida it is called

A

Myelomeningocele

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3
Q

Myelomeningocele

A

is a protrusion or outpouching of the spinal cord and its covering (meninges) through an opening in the bony spinal column.

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4
Q

Meningocele

A

a protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column.

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5
Q

Spina bifida

A

congenital cleft in the bony encasement of the spinal cord.

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6
Q

What is recommended to help prevent spina bifida

A

Appropriate levels of folic acid

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7
Q

Arthritis

A

Disease of the joints

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8
Q

Arthritis can be

A

Temporary or permanent partial or complete

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9
Q

Can a person have more than 1 type of arthritis

A

Yes, a person can have more than one type at a time

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10
Q

One of the most common illnesses in the US

A

Arthritis

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11
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic, systemic autoimmune disease in which the infl. of joints occurs in exacerbations and remissions.

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12
Q

Cause of RA (rheumatoid arthritis)

A

Unknown

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13
Q

Severely involved joints with RA

A

Limited motion and muscle atrophy occurs with joints that are severely involved

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14
Q

RA is a progressive disease T/F?

A

True

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15
Q

Occurrence of RA

A

20-40

More women than men

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16
Q

Signs and symptoms of RA

A
  • Pain and swelling
  • Morning stiffness and stiff after periods of inactivity.
  • Weakness, fatigue, weight loss/appetite, low-grade fever
  • Nodules under skin at elbows, wrists, fingers
  • TMJ involvement
17
Q

Treatment of RA

A
  • Therapy limited

- Drugs commonly used-antirheumatic drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, immunosuppressant’s.

18
Q

Is RA associated with Perio disease

A

YES! RA and periodontal disease are both chronic inflammatory diseases and may be related

19
Q

What is the key difference in rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint disease?

A

RA is associated with inflammation and DJD is NOT

20
Q

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A
  • Autoimmune disease in children under 16

- 3 types

21
Q

Degenerative joint disease

A
  • effects on weight bearing joints
  • inflammation is NOT a key symptom
  • swelling inflammation rare
  • pain is aggravated by temp changes
22
Q

Cause of degenerative joint disease

A

No specific cause (may be obesity, age, mechanical stress, estrogen def., etc.)

23
Q

Onset of degenerative joint disease

A

Usually adults past the age of 25 1/3 of people diagnosed are over 65

24
Q

TMJ associated with degenerative joint disease

A

Usually not pain but will have crepitus, clicking or snapping when joints are exercised

25
Q

Dental hygiene reccomendations for a pt with degenerative joint disease

A

Large handled toothbrush

Powerbrush may be good (not in book)

26
Q

Scleroderma

A

Autoimmune disease of the connective tissue

27
Q

Body changes due to scleroderma

A
  • Immobility and rigidity of skin, but infl. and sclerosis throughout the body.
  • Raynaud’s syndrome (color chg. fingers/toes after exposed to cold temp.)
28
Q

Cause of scleroderma

A

Unknown

29
Q

Occurrence of scleroderma

A

Onset usually between 30-50

More in females than men

30
Q

Is scleroderma localized only?

A

No!
Can be localized (involving only the skin)
-or-
Generalized: involving all body organs

31
Q

Where are the most notable changes in a pt with scleroderma

A

skin, GI tract, kidneys, heart, muscles and lungs.

32
Q

Pt with scleroderma has eventual death due to what?

A

renal failure, cardiac failure, pulmonary insufficiency, or intestinal malabsorption

33
Q

General manifestations of pt with scleroderma

A
  • Joints (pain, swelling, stiffness) of fingers and knees.
  • Skin (hard, fixed; ivory-white, yellow or gray)
  • Face becomes mask-like
34
Q

Oral characteristics of a pt with scleroderma

A
  • Orally (lips-thin, rigid, difficulty in opening/closing
  • Mucosa-thin, pale, tender, rigid w/ poor healing.
  • Gingiva-pale/unusually firm.
  • Teeth can be mobile.
  • Radiologic findings-widening of the PDL
  • Difficulty in chewing
  • Tongue possibly immobile/speech problems

Clinical Dental Hygiene II (14 decks)

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