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Clinical Dental Hygiene II > Final Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What does cleft lip and palate represent

A

A failure of normal fusion of embryonic processes during development in the first trimester of pregnancy

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2
Q

Formation of the lip

A

Occurs between the 4th and 8th week in utero

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3
Q

When does a cleft lip become apparent

A

by the end of the secnd month in utero

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4
Q

Development of the palate

A

Takes place during the 6th-12th week

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5
Q

When is a cleft palate evident

A

by the end of the third month

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6
Q

The stage that clefting of the lip happens prenatally

A

First trimester

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7
Q

Oral manifestations of cleft lip and palate

A

Disturbances in tooth bud development
Have a higher incidence of missing/supernumerary teeth
Abnormalites of tooth form
Common missing teeth /max lateral/max premolar/ man 2nd premolar usually on side of cleft

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8
Q

Cleft of the top of the uvula

A

class 1

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9
Q

cleft of the uvula (bifid uvula)

A

class 2

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10
Q

cleft of the soft palate

A

class 3

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11
Q

cleft of the hard and soft palate

A

class 4

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12
Q

cleft of the soft and hard palates; continues thru the alveolar ridge on one side of the premaxilla; usually associated with cleft lip on the same side

A

Class 5

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13
Q

cleft of soft and hard palates that continues thru alvolar ridge on both sides, leaving a free maxilla; bilateral cleft lip

A

class 6

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14
Q

sub mucous cleft
muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate. The palate is short, uvula often bifid, groove at midline of soft palate and closure to the pharynx is incompetent

A

class 7

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15
Q

A prosthesis designed to close a congenital or an acquired opening such as a cleft of the hard palate

A

Obturator

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16
Q

What is a child with cleft palate at a greater risk for?

A

dental caries

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17
Q

Environment risk factors that can influence normal development and trigger clefting

A 
use of tobacco
alcohol consumption
teterogenic agents: phenytoin, vitamin A, corticosteroids
drugs of abuse
maternal age >40
folic acid deficiency
lack of prenatal care
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18
Q

Alveolar graft

A

placed before eruption of maxillary teeth at the celft site

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19
Q

Hard palate graft

A

provides closure of oronasal fistulae

helps to relieve a compromised airway

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20
Q

When is the best time to intiate ortho in a child with a cleft

A

After each stage of surgical treatment

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21
Q

At what interval should a patient with cleft palate be seen

A

3-4 months

22
Q

Objectives of dental hygiene care prior to maxillofacial surgery

A

Reduce oral bacterial count
reduce inflammation of the gingiva and improve tissue tone
remove calculus deposits
instruct in presurgical oral care procedures
instruct in the use of foods
interpret the dentists directions
motivate the pt who will have teeth remaining

23
Q

What dietary components are necessary for healing in maxillofacial surgery

A

Protein and vitamins, particularly vitamin A, vitamin C and riboflavin

24
Q

Predisposing factors for a fractured jaw

A

Pathologic conditions such as tumors, cysts, osteoporosis, or osteomyelitis -> they weaken bone

25
Q

What is compound comminuted fracture

A

Compound - has communication with outside

comminuted - shattered

26
Q

How long does it take for an uncomplicated mandibular fracture to heal

A

6 weeks on average

27
Q

The use of a surgical flap procedure to expose the gracture ends and bring them together for healing

A

open reduction

28
Q

intermaxillary fixation

A

Applying wires and/or elastic bands between the maxillary and mandibular arches

29
Q

When is intermaxillary fixation contraindicated

A

pts with chronic airway diseases who cough and expectorate: asthma, COPD
pts who vomit regulary (pregnant)
mental illness

30
Q

What describtive words are used to describe a fracture

A

location, direction, nature, and severity

31
Q

Objectives to planning a diet for the patient with a fractured jaw

A

prevent new carious lesions
help pt maintain adequate nutritional state
promote healing
increase resistance to infection

32
Q

What clinical signs does a patient show in a fractured jaw

A

Pain
teeth may be displaced, fractures, or mobile
muscle spasm
crepitation
soft tissue - laceration, and bleeding, discoloration and enlargement

33
Q

Horizontal fracture line that extends above the roots of the teeth, above the palate, across the max sinus, below the zygomatic process, and across the pterygoid plates

A

Le fort I

34
Q

midface fracture extends over the middle of the nose, down the medial wall of the orbits, across the infraorbital rims, and posteriorly across the pterygoid plates

A

Le fort II

35
Q

high level craniofacial fracture extends transverserly across the bridge of the nose, across the orbits, and zygomatic arches, and across the pterygoid playes

A

Le fort III

36
Q

Inability to leave home because of illness or injury

ASA III

A

homebound patients

37
Q

Barriers to access the dentistry in homebound patients

A 
Few on site dental clinics
limited avialibility of practitioners
cost
limited medicare coverage
nonpayment of medicare
limited mobility
no transportation
fear
pts health attitudes and beliefs
pts discomfort levels
38
Q

What mouthrinses would be recommended post surgical

A

Physiologic saline
chlorhexidine gluconate
fluoride rinse

39
Q

When should a patients HH be reviewed in preparing to see a homebound patient

A

before you see the patient

40
Q

Should a patient who is terminally ill be treated dentally

A

YES

41
Q

How often should a caregiver clean a patients mouth who is terminally ill

A

every day

42
Q

What techniques can be used in treating a patient who is homebound and in a wheelchair

A

A portable headrest can be attached
can be backed up against a wall to provide headrest
some tilt or recline
a firm pillow can be inserted between the chair back and the pts head to provide a cushioned resting surface

43
Q

How can poor oral health be prevented in houmbound patient

A

training caregivers

consulting with members of interprofessional healthcare teams

44
Q

Contraindications for a patient who is homebound with xerostomia

A

Alcohol
glycerin
lemons

45
Q

Why should oral tissues be examined daily in terminally ill patients

A

can cause discomfort or lead to infections

46
Q

why are dentures ill-fitting in terminally ill patients

A

severe weight loss and oral lesions

47
Q

Legal blindness

A

having central vision (or acuity) of not more than 20/200 in the better eye with correction, or having peripheral fields of no more than 20 diameters

48
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

49
Q

When treating a patient who is visually impaired, what should you do if you leave the room

A

tell them

50
Q

What may you use when calling a patient who’s deaf to confirm an appointment

A

telecommunication relay service

51
Q

Personal factors to consider with a patient who is visually impaired (child)

A

environment influences the child’s adjustment, and parental attitude affects the blind child as it does a sighted child
when the patient is overprotective the child may be dependent and emotionally less independent

Clinical Dental Hygiene II (14 decks)

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