Final Study Guide

Question 1

What does cleft lip and palate represent

Answer 1

A failure of normal fusion of embryonic processes during development in the first trimester of pregnancy

Question 2

Formation of the lip

Answer 2

Occurs between the 4th and 8th week in utero

Question 3

When does a cleft lip become apparent

Answer 3

by the end of the secnd month in utero

Question 4

Development of the palate

Answer 4

Takes place during the 6th-12th week

Question 5

When is a cleft palate evident

Answer 5

by the end of the third month

Question 6

The stage that clefting of the lip happens prenatally

Answer 6

First trimester

Question 7

Oral manifestations of cleft lip and palate

Answer 7

Disturbances in tooth bud development
Have a higher incidence of missing/supernumerary teeth
Abnormalites of tooth form
Common missing teeth /max lateral/max premolar/ man 2nd premolar usually on side of cleft

Question 8

Cleft of the top of the uvula

Answer 8

class 1

Question 9

cleft of the uvula (bifid uvula)

Answer 9

class 2

Question 10

cleft of the soft palate

Answer 10

class 3

Question 11

cleft of the hard and soft palate

Answer 11

class 4

Question 12

cleft of the soft and hard palates; continues thru the alveolar ridge on one side of the premaxilla; usually associated with cleft lip on the same side

Answer 12

Class 5

Question 13

cleft of soft and hard palates that continues thru alvolar ridge on both sides, leaving a free maxilla; bilateral cleft lip

Answer 13

class 6

Question 14

sub mucous cleft
muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate. The palate is short, uvula often bifid, groove at midline of soft palate and closure to the pharynx is incompetent

Answer 14

class 7

Question 15

A prosthesis designed to close a congenital or an acquired opening such as a cleft of the hard palate

Answer 15

Obturator

Question 16

What is a child with cleft palate at a greater risk for?

Answer 16

dental caries

Question 17

Environment risk factors that can influence normal development and trigger clefting

Answer 17

use of tobacco
alcohol consumption
teterogenic agents: phenytoin, vitamin A, corticosteroids
drugs of abuse
maternal age >40
folic acid deficiency
lack of prenatal care

Question 18

Alveolar graft

Answer 18

placed before eruption of maxillary teeth at the celft site

Question 19

Hard palate graft

Answer 19

provides closure of oronasal fistulae

helps to relieve a compromised airway

Question 20

When is the best time to intiate ortho in a child with a cleft

Answer 20

After each stage of surgical treatment

Question 21

At what interval should a patient with cleft palate be seen

Answer 21

3-4 months

Question 22

Objectives of dental hygiene care prior to maxillofacial surgery

Answer 22

Reduce oral bacterial count
reduce inflammation of the gingiva and improve tissue tone
remove calculus deposits
instruct in presurgical oral care procedures
instruct in the use of foods
interpret the dentists directions
motivate the pt who will have teeth remaining

Question 23

What dietary components are necessary for healing in maxillofacial surgery

Answer 23

Protein and vitamins, particularly vitamin A, vitamin C and riboflavin

Question 24

Predisposing factors for a fractured jaw

Answer 24

Pathologic conditions such as tumors, cysts, osteoporosis, or osteomyelitis -> they weaken bone

Question 25

What is compound comminuted fracture

Answer 25

Compound - has communication with outside | comminuted - shattered

Question 26

How long does it take for an uncomplicated mandibular fracture to heal

Answer 26

6 weeks on average

Question 27

The use of a surgical flap procedure to expose the gracture ends and bring them together for healing

Answer 27

open reduction

Question 28

intermaxillary fixation

Answer 28

Applying wires and/or elastic bands between the maxillary and mandibular arches

Question 29

When is intermaxillary fixation contraindicated

Answer 29

pts with chronic airway diseases who cough and expectorate: asthma, COPD pts who vomit regulary (pregnant) mental illness

Question 30

What describtive words are used to describe a fracture

Answer 30

location, direction, nature, and severity

Question 31

Objectives to planning a diet for the patient with a fractured jaw

Answer 31

prevent new carious lesions help pt maintain adequate nutritional state promote healing increase resistance to infection

Question 32

What clinical signs does a patient show in a fractured jaw

Answer 32

Pain teeth may be displaced, fractures, or mobile muscle spasm crepitation soft tissue - laceration, and bleeding, discoloration and enlargement

Question 33

Horizontal fracture line that extends above the roots of the teeth, above the palate, across the max sinus, below the zygomatic process, and across the pterygoid plates

Answer 33

Le fort I

Question 34

midface fracture extends over the middle of the nose, down the medial wall of the orbits, across the infraorbital rims, and posteriorly across the pterygoid plates

Answer 34

Le fort II

Question 35

high level craniofacial fracture extends transverserly across the bridge of the nose, across the orbits, and zygomatic arches, and across the pterygoid playes

Answer 35

Le fort III

Question 36

Inability to leave home because of illness or injury | ASA III

Answer 36

homebound patients

Question 37

Barriers to access the dentistry in homebound patients

Answer 37

``` Few on site dental clinics limited avialibility of practitioners cost limited medicare coverage nonpayment of medicare limited mobility no transportation fear pts health attitudes and beliefs pts discomfort levels ```

Question 38

What mouthrinses would be recommended post surgical

Answer 38

Physiologic saline chlorhexidine gluconate fluoride rinse

Question 39

When should a patients HH be reviewed in preparing to see a homebound patient

Answer 39

before you see the patient

Question 40

Should a patient who is terminally ill be treated dentally

Answer 40

YES

Question 41

How often should a caregiver clean a patients mouth who is terminally ill

Answer 41

every day

Question 42

What techniques can be used in treating a patient who is homebound and in a wheelchair

Answer 42

A portable headrest can be attached can be backed up against a wall to provide headrest some tilt or recline a firm pillow can be inserted between the chair back and the pts head to provide a cushioned resting surface

Question 43

How can poor oral health be prevented in houmbound patient

Answer 43

training caregivers | consulting with members of interprofessional healthcare teams

Question 44

Contraindications for a patient who is homebound with xerostomia

Answer 44

Alcohol glycerin lemons

Question 45

Why should oral tissues be examined daily in terminally ill patients

Answer 45

can cause discomfort or lead to infections

Question 46

why are dentures ill-fitting in terminally ill patients

Answer 46

severe weight loss and oral lesions

Question 47

Legal blindness

Answer 47

having central vision (or acuity) of not more than 20/200 in the better eye with correction, or having peripheral fields of no more than 20 diameters

Question 48

Double vision

Answer 48

Diplopia

Question 49

When treating a patient who is visually impaired, what should you do if you leave the room

Answer 49

tell them

Question 50

What may you use when calling a patient who's deaf to confirm an appointment

Answer 50

telecommunication relay service

Question 51

Personal factors to consider with a patient who is visually impaired (child)

Answer 51

environment influences the child's adjustment, and parental attitude affects the blind child as it does a sighted child when the patient is overprotective the child may be dependent and emotionally less independent