Chaoter 51 - Final Exam

Question 1

most common of the different congenital craniofacial abnormalities

Answer 1

Cleft lip and/or palate

Question 2

some of the first factors to considered when the long-range treatment is planned.

Answer 2

Speaking ability and appearance

Question 3

a member of the team with responsibilities to coordinate dental and periodontal careful pt with cleft lip/ palate

Answer 3

Dental hygienist

Question 4

Cleft of the tip of the uvula.

Answer 4

Class 1

Question 5

Cleft of the uvula (bifid uvula).

Answer 5

Class 2

Question 6

Cleft of the soft palate.

Answer 6

Class 3

Question 7

Cleft of the soft and hard palates.

Answer 7

Class 4

Question 8

Cleft of the soft and hard palates, continues thru the alveolar ridge on one side of the premaxilla; usually associated with cleft lip on the same side.

Answer 8

Class 5

Question 9

Cleft of soft and hard palates that continues thru alveolar ridge on both sides, leaving a free premaxilla; usually associated w/ bilateral cleft lip.

Answer 9

Class 6

Question 10

muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate. The palate is short, uvula often bifid, groove at midline of soft palate, and closure to the pharynx is incompetent. (Good

Answer 10

Class 7

Question 11

AKA submucous cleft

Answer 11

Class 7

Question 12

Classification of cleft lip/ palate is based on

Answer 12

disturbances during embryologic formation of the palate.

Question 13

Cleft lip and palate is.

Answer 13

a failure of normal fusion of embryonic processes during development in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 14

Formation of lip

Answer 14

Occurs between 4th and 8th week in utero

Question 15

Cleft lip apparent

Answer 15

By end of 2nd month in utero

Question 16

Development of palate

Answer 16

Occurs between 6th-12th week in utero

Question 17

Cleft palate apparent by

Answer 17

End of 3rd month

Question 18

Environmental factors include:

Answer 18

•Tobacco use.
o Alcohol consumption.
o Teratogenic agents: phenytoin, V-A (isotretinoin), corticosteroids, drug abuse
o Maternal age >40.
o Inadequate diet: vitamins, especially folic acid deficiency.
o Lack of good prenatal care and instruction.

Question 19

Risk factors are

Answer 19

Genetic and environmental

Question 20

Significant time for influences of cleft lip/palate due to environmental factors

Answer 20

Early in 1st trimester

Question 21

Incidence of multiple congenital anomalies is high with

Answer 21

Cleft lip or palate

Question 22

Facial deformities from cleft lip or palate may include

Answer 22

• Depression of the nostril on the side w/ cleft lip.
• Deficiency of upper lip, which may be short or retroposed.
• Overprominent lower lip.

Question 23

Patient with cleft lip or palate are predisposed to

Answer 23

Upper respiratory and middle ear infections

Question 24

A child with cleft palate can be predisposed to

Answer 24

airway obstruction and breathing problems.

Question 25

Hearing loss associated with cleft lip/ palate

Answer 25

incidence of hearing loss is significantly higher in individuals with cleft palate than in the non-cleft population.

Question 26

Common missing teeth associated with cleft lip/ palate

Answer 26

Max. Lateral Max. premolar Mand. 2nd Premolar (Usually on the side of the cleft)

Question 27

Patients with cleft lip/ palate Have a higher incidence of

Answer 27

missing/supernumerary teeth, and abnormalities of tooth form.

Question 28

Why do a high % of patients with cleft lip/ palate require Ortho?

Answer 28

High incidence of malocclusion

Question 29

Ortho treatment may be needed when for patients with cleft palate

Answer 29

After each stage of surgery

Question 30

Open palate

Answer 30

Before surgery it provides a direct opening to nasal cavity

Question 31

Formula and breast milk with patient with open palate

Answer 31

May pass through to the nasal cavity

Question 32

Cleft lip makes it hard for a child to

Answer 32

Suck on a Nipple

Question 33

Muscle coordination on patient with open palate

Answer 33

A lack of coordinated movements of lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of mouth, and throat may exist.

Question 34

Periodontal tissues and patient with open palate

Answer 34

Dental biofilm accumulation is complicated by malpositioned teeth, inability to keep lips closed, mouth breathing, and difficulties in adequate OHI.

Question 35

Periodontal tissue loss in later years

Answer 35

Is greatest at the cleft site

Question 36

Common in adolescents

Answer 36

Early Perio

Question 37

Pts with cleft lip/palate are at a higher risk for caries due to

Answer 37

malpositioned teeth, trouble w/ mastication, and retention of biofilm.

Question 38

Treatment for patient with cleft lip/palate or open palate

Answer 38

* Based on the pt.’s progression at each age period. * Continual quality care is essential. * The need for attention to gingival health throughout the years of tx. cannot be overemphasized.

Question 39

Surgical union of cleft lip

Answer 39

at 2-3 months of age.with infants general health being a determining factor

Question 40

Purpose for early treatment of cleft lip

Answer 40

* Aid in feeding. * Encourage development of the pre-maxilla. * Help partial closure of the palatal cleft. * Lessen concern of family about appearance of their infant.

Question 41

Primary surgery to close palate

Answer 41

Usually at 18 months, earlier when possible. | Combination of many specialist are involved

Question 42

Goals for treatment of cleft palate

Answer 42

* Produce closure anatomically. * Maximize maxillary growth and development. * Achieve normal function, particularly normal speech. * Relieve problems of airway and breathing. * Establish good dental esthetics and functional occlusion.

Question 43

Secondary surgical care

Answer 43

refers to additional surgery after primary closure of the clefts and May involve the lips, nose, palate, and jaws.

Question 44

Purpose of secondary surgical care

Answer 44

To improve communication, appearance, or both.