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Clinical Dental Hygiene II > Chaoter 51 - Final Exam > Flashcards

Chaoter 51 - Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

most common of the different congenital craniofacial abnormalities

A

Cleft lip and/or palate

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2
Q

some of the first factors to considered when the long-range treatment is planned.

A

Speaking ability and appearance

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3
Q

a member of the team with responsibilities to coordinate dental and periodontal careful pt with cleft lip/ palate

A

Dental hygienist

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4
Q

Cleft of the tip of the uvula.

A

Class 1

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5
Q

Cleft of the uvula (bifid uvula).

A

Class 2

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6
Q

Cleft of the soft palate.

A

Class 3

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7
Q

Cleft of the soft and hard palates.

A

Class 4

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8
Q

Cleft of the soft and hard palates, continues thru the alveolar ridge on one side of the premaxilla; usually associated with cleft lip on the same side.

A

Class 5

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9
Q

Cleft of soft and hard palates that continues thru alveolar ridge on both sides, leaving a free premaxilla; usually associated w/ bilateral cleft lip.

A

Class 6

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10
Q

muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate. The palate is short, uvula often bifid, groove at midline of soft palate, and closure to the pharynx is incompetent. (Good

A

Class 7

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11
Q

AKA submucous cleft

A

Class 7

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12
Q

Classification of cleft lip/ palate is based on

A

disturbances during embryologic formation of the palate.

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13
Q

Cleft lip and palate is.

A

a failure of normal fusion of embryonic processes during development in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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14
Q

Formation of lip

A

Occurs between 4th and 8th week in utero

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15
Q

Cleft lip apparent

A

By end of 2nd month in utero

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16
Q

Development of palate

A

Occurs between 6th-12th week in utero

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17
Q

Cleft palate apparent by

A

End of 3rd month

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18
Q

Environmental factors include:

A

•Tobacco use.
o Alcohol consumption.
o Teratogenic agents: phenytoin, V-A (isotretinoin), corticosteroids, drug abuse
o Maternal age >40.
o Inadequate diet: vitamins, especially folic acid deficiency.
o Lack of good prenatal care and instruction.

19
Q

Risk factors are

A

Genetic and environmental

20
Q

Significant time for influences of cleft lip/palate due to environmental factors

A

Early in 1st trimester

21
Q

Incidence of multiple congenital anomalies is high with

A

Cleft lip or palate

22
Q

Facial deformities from cleft lip or palate may include

A
  • Depression of the nostril on the side w/ cleft lip.
  • Deficiency of upper lip, which may be short or retroposed.
  • Overprominent lower lip.
23
Q

Patient with cleft lip or palate are predisposed to

A

Upper respiratory and middle ear infections

24
Q

A child with cleft palate can be predisposed to

A

airway obstruction and breathing problems.

25
Q

Hearing loss associated with cleft lip/ palate

A

incidence of hearing loss is significantly higher in individuals with cleft palate than in the non-cleft population.

26
Q

Common missing teeth associated with cleft lip/ palate

A

Max. Lateral
Max. premolar
Mand. 2nd Premolar (Usually on the side of the cleft)

27
Q

Patients with cleft lip/ palate Have a higher incidence of

A

missing/supernumerary teeth, and abnormalities of tooth form.

28
Q

Why do a high % of patients with cleft lip/ palate require Ortho?

A

High incidence of malocclusion

29
Q

Ortho treatment may be needed when for patients with cleft palate

A

After each stage of surgery

30
Q

Open palate

A

Before surgery it provides a direct opening to nasal cavity

31
Q

Formula and breast milk with patient with open palate

A

May pass through to the nasal cavity

32
Q

Cleft lip makes it hard for a child to

A

Suck on a Nipple

33
Q

Muscle coordination on patient with open palate

A

A lack of coordinated movements of lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of mouth, and throat may exist.

34
Q

Periodontal tissues and patient with open palate

A

Dental biofilm accumulation is complicated by malpositioned teeth, inability to keep lips closed, mouth breathing, and difficulties in adequate OHI.

35
Q

Periodontal tissue loss in later years

A

Is greatest at the cleft site

36
Q

Common in adolescents

A

Early Perio

37
Q

Pts with cleft lip/palate are at a higher risk for caries due to

A

malpositioned teeth, trouble w/ mastication, and retention of biofilm.

38
Q

Treatment for patient with cleft lip/palate or open palate

A
  • Based on the pt.’s progression at each age period.
  • Continual quality care is essential.
  • The need for attention to gingival health throughout the years of tx. cannot be overemphasized.
39
Q

Surgical union of cleft lip

A

at 2-3 months of age.with infants general health being a determining factor

40
Q

Purpose for early treatment of cleft lip

A
  • Aid in feeding.
  • Encourage development of the pre-maxilla.
  • Help partial closure of the palatal cleft.
  • Lessen concern of family about appearance of their infant.
41
Q

Primary surgery to close palate

A

Usually at 18 months, earlier when possible.

Combination of many specialist are involved

42
Q

Goals for treatment of cleft palate

A
  • Produce closure anatomically.
  • Maximize maxillary growth and development.
  • Achieve normal function, particularly normal speech.
  • Relieve problems of airway and breathing.
  • Establish good dental esthetics and functional occlusion.
43
Q

Secondary surgical care

A

refers to additional surgery after primary closure of the clefts and May involve the lips, nose, palate, and jaws.

44
Q

Purpose of secondary surgical care

A

To improve communication, appearance, or both.

Clinical Dental Hygiene II (14 decks)

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