Psychosocial: Early- Late Adulthood

Question 1

Gender Binary

Answer 1

many adults are challenging gender labels and roles, and the long-standing gender binary; that is, categorizing humans as only female and male has been undermined by current psychological research

Question 2

Minority Stress Model

Answer 2

states that an unaccepting social environment results in both external and internal stress that contributes to poorer mental health

Question 3

Sexual Response Cycle

Answer 3

model that describes the physiological responses that take place during sexual activity. The cycle consists of four phases: The excitement phase, plateau phase, orgasm, and the resolution period.

Question 4

Hypothalamus

Answer 4

the most important part of the brain for sexual functioning. This is the small area at the base of the brain consisting of several groups of nerve-cell bodies that receives input from the limbic system. Studies with lab animals have shown that destruction of certain areas of the hypothalamus causes complete elimination of sexual behavior.

Question 5

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 5

FSH is made by your pituitary gland, a small gland located underneath the brain. FSH plays an important role in sexual development and functioning.

Question 6

Estrogen

Answer 6

Estrogen, or oestrogen, is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.

Question 7

Progesterone

Answer 7

Progesterone is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans.

Question 8

Sexual Orientation

Answer 8

personal quality that inclines people to feel romantic or sexual attractionto persons of a given sex or gender.

Question 9

Pansexuality and Polysexuality

Answer 9

pansexuality: attraction to all sexes/genders
polysexuality: attraction to multiple sexes/genders

Question 10

Homophobia

Answer 10

a negative attitude toward homosexuality and homosexual individuals

• -institutionalized homophobia: a kind of homophobia that is sponsored by institutions such as religious and state-sponsored ones
• -internalized homophobia: a kind of homophobia in which homosexual individuals internalize society’s negative views regarding homosexuality

Question 11

Cognitive Functioning

Answer 11

multiple mental abilities, including learning, thinking, reasoning, remembering, problem-solving, decision-making, and attention

Question 12

Executive Functioning

Answer 12

the higher-level cognitive skills you use to control and coordinate your other cognitive abilities and behaviors

Question 13

Sandwich Generation

Answer 13

The “sandwich generation” refers to adults who have at least one parent age 65 or older and are either raising their own children or providing support for their grown children. According to research, 47% of middle-aged adults are part of this sandwich generation

Question 14

Empty Nest Syndrome

Answer 14

refers to great emotional distress experienced by parents, typically mothers, after children have left home. The role stress relief hypothesis suggests that the empty nest period should lead to more positive changes for parents, as the responsibility of raising children has been lifted.

Question 15

Gatekeeping

Answer 15

Post-divorce parents gatekeep (they regulate the flow of information about their new romantic partner to their children) in an attempt to balance their own needs for romance with consideration regarding the needs and reactions of their children.

Question 16

Encore career

Answer 16

work in a different field from the one in which they retired. Approximately 10% of workers begin phasing into retirement by reducing their hours.