Psychosis and Schizophrenia

Question 1

schizophrenia positive and negative symptoms

Answer 1

1. positive symptoms (gain)
THREAT
Thinking may become disturbed (neologism)
Hallucinatons (auditory)
Reduced contact with reality
Emotional control is disturbed
Aurosal can lead to worsening of symptoms
Delusiosn

2. negative symptoms (loss of) (LESS)
   Loss of violation, underactivity, social withdrawl
   Emotional flatness, lose normal modulation of mood
   Speech is reduced- monosyllabic
   Slowness in thought, movement, psychomotor retardation
   social function
   l
   oose affect - lose your expression of mood
   detachment from reality
   disturbance of thinking and perception
   impairment of judgement and perception
   thought disorder

(ACID)
Auditory hallucinations (third-person- running commentary)

Control - feel like you are not in control of your body

Interference- thought echo, insertion, withdrawal, broadcasting

Delusion

*catatonic- standing very still like a statue (this is an emergency)
paranoid- belief someone is going to watch you and harm you

Question 2

schizophrenia delusions/ideas

Answer 2

• flight of ideas
• thought bock- stop abruptly
• word salad - speak nonsense and makeup words
• the poverty of thoughts
• no thoughts

delusions: a fixed and firm idea which contradicts evidence and is not in the context .if it is not fixed then it is an overvalued idea or just a normal cultural belief

Question 3

schizophrenia meds

Answer 3

typical (worse side effects)
atypical (newer)

olanzapine
clozapine
*agranulocytosis can die of neutropenia so need frequent blood tests.

*residual . treated +ve symptoms, left with -ve symptoms. simple schizophrenia, never had +ve symptoms only -ve

Question 4

Diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia (DEAD)

Answer 4

DEAD
Disorder of thought (possession, insertion, withdraw, broadcasting)

Experiences of passivity (others are control their feelings or impulses)

Auditory hallucinations (thought echo, running commentary, referred to in third person)

Delusions that persist (culturally inappropriate)

Question 5

paranoid schizophrenia

Answer 5

thought process and affect are relatively spared. prominent paranoid delusions.

Question 6

hebephrenic schizophrenia

Answer 6

'disorganised schizophrenia'
prominent affective symptoms
disordered behaviour and speech
silly or childish
inappropriate laughter 
disorganised and incoherent
ages of 15-25

Question 7

catatonic schizophrenia

Answer 7

motor symptoms
hyperkinesis or under activity (stupor/posturing)

automatic obedience (follow all commands) or negativism (resisting movement)

waxy flexibility- limbs retain any position in which the y are placed.

Question 8

simple schizophrenia

Answer 8

insidious onset of odd behaviour and negative symptoms (social withdrawal, emotional blunting) no delusions or hallucinations.

Question 9

residual schizophrenia

Answer 9

chronic stage of schizophrenia
prominent negative symptoms after previous episodes of delusions and hallucinations

negative- psychomotor retardation, blunted affect, lack of motivation, social withdrawal and self-neglect.

Question 10

management

Answer 10

acute= antipsychotics (chlorpromazine)

chronic= depot injection of phenothiazine (fortnightly)

psychiatric therapy
MDT