PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENTS FOR DEPRESSION- CBT

Question 1

Name 3 psychological treatments for mood affective disorders?

Answer 1

1. Cognitive restructuring (Beck, 1979)
2. Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy (Ellis)
3. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Question 2

What is CBT (simple)?

Answer 2

• A form of psychotherapy

Question 3

What is the goal of CBT?

Answer 3

• Identify + change negative thought patterns and maldaptive behaviours.

Question 4

What is the overall aim of CBT?

Answer 4

• Improve emotional well-being.

Question 5

Define CBT?

Answer 5

• A form of psychotherapy.
• That focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and maladaptive behaviours, to improve emotional well-being?

Question 6

Can you name 6 key aspects of CBT?

Answer 6

1. Thoughts, feelings and behaviours are connected.
2. Cognitive restructuring.
3. Behavioural activiation.
4. Exposure Therapy
5. Socratic questioning
6. HW assignments

Question 7

Thoughts, feelings and behaviours are connected.

Answer 7

• Negative thoughts,
• Lead to negative emotions
• and unhelpful behaviours,
  = Creating a cyle of distress.

“I failed this test → I’m stupid → There’s no point in trying anymore.

Question 8

Cognitive restructuring (Aaron Beck, 1979)

“To gain entry into the patients cognitive organisation”- Beck

Answer 8

• A therapeutic technqiue used to treat depression (and other disorders)
• It focused on identifying, challenging, and changing negative/ or distorted thought patterns with more rational thoughts
• to improve emotional well-being.

Talk therapy based on one to one interactions with the therapist/patient

Example: Instead of “I’m a failure,” changing the thought to “I struggled with this test, but I can improve with practice.”

Question 9

What is behavioural activation?

Answer 9

• Encouraging POSTIVE ACTIONS to break CYCLES of avoidance and inactivity.

Example: If someone is depressed and avoids socializing, CBT might encourage small steps toward re-engaging with others.

Question 10

What is exposure therapy (desensitisation)?

Answer 10

• Gradual exposure to the feared stimulus to reduce avoidance / habituate to anxiety.

Question 11

What is socratic questioning?

Answer 11

• A technique where the therapist asks OPEN-ENDED, LOGICAL questions to help the client EXAMINE and CHALLENGE their thoughts.

Example: “What evidence do you have that no one likes you?”

Question 12

What are (CBT) HW assignments?

Answer 12

• CBT = ACTIVE THERAPY.
• So, patients are often given exercises to practice skills outside of sessions.

Example: Keeping a thought journal to track automatic thoughts and practice cognitive restructuring.