Psychological therapies Flashcards
Prevalence of common mental health disorders
15%
morbidity and mortality of common mental health disorders
1 in 10 lost work days
suicide leading cause of death in men under 50
3 main categories of common mental health disorders
affective/anxiety disorders
substance misuse disorders
disorders of reaction to psychological stress
affective/anxiety disorders
MDD, GAD, panic, phobia, OCD
substance misuse disorders
alcohol, tobacco, opioids
disorders of reaction to psychological stress
PTSD
Waiting time for psychological therapies
18 weeks
Do psychological therapies have to be evidence based? If so, what guidelines?
Yes
NICE, SIGN, MATRIX
CBT - underlying idea
how our thoughts relate to our feelings and behaviour
CBT - what conditions can it be used for?
depression, anxiety, phobias, OCD, PTSD
CBT - time scale
short term, here and now, goal orientated
CBT - what does the therapist help client to do?
identify thoughts, feelings and behaviour
unrealistic or unhelpful thoughts eg black and white, automatic negative thoughts, perfectionism
CBT - what does patient do?
homework eg graded tasks, response prevention
Behavioural activation basis
depression - activities function as avoidance
theory behind behavioural activation
focus on avoided activities for scheduling
5 categories of avoidance - behavioural activation
social withdrawal non social avoidance emotional avoidance avoidance by distraction cognitive avoidance
Approach in behavioural activation
non judgemental, empathic, collaborative
structured agenda
small changes
IPT - used for what conditions?
anxiety and depression
IPT - who developed this?
Klerman, 1969
IPT - timescale
12-16 weeks
IP event that depression often follows
bereavement, dispute, role change etc
Theory of IPT
sick role given
interpersonal map
GOAL of IPT
reduce depressive symptoms
increase IP functioning
positives of IPT
evidence based, no homework, practice skills after time ended
negatives of IPT
requires reflection, limited IP support
Who developed MI?
Miller, 1993 for alcoholics
Positives of MI
promotes behaviour change
more effective than advice giving
3 Principles of MI
empathy
avoid argument
support self efficacy
stages of change model
pre-contemplation contemplation planning action maintenance
