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Year 3 psych (JK) > Alcohol symposium > Flashcards

Alcohol symposium Flashcards

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1
Q

top 5 causes of admission to hospital due to alcohol

A 
unintentional injuries eg falls 
mental ill health 
heart conditions and stroke
liver and pancreatitis 
cancer
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2
Q

What organ processes alcohol?

A

liver

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3
Q

Main functions of the liver

A

CHO metabolism = glycogenesis and glycogenolysis
fat metabolism = lipid metabolism, fats –> phospholipids and cholesterol
protein metabolism - deamination, albumin, ammonia
storage - glucose, iron, copper, vitamins
synthesis - fibrinogen, thrombopoetin
Kupffer cells
produce bile
metabolism of drugs and alcohol

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4
Q

Alcohol - what breakdown product is carcinogenic?

A

acetylaldehyde

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5
Q

Enzymes involved in alcohol breakdown

A

ADH and ALDH

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6
Q

How many units of alcohol per week keep health risks low?

A

<14

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7
Q

Acetylaldehyde broken down into?

A

acetate

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8
Q

Other important factors with alcohol consumption and health risks

A 
nutrition
genetic differences 
other drugs 
co-existing virus eg Hep C
dependence and progression 
female
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9
Q

Causes of cirrhosis

A

alcohol, fatty liver, Hep C, autoimmune

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10
Q

Progression of alcohol related liver disease

A

normal - steatosis - steatohepatitis - fibrosis - cirrhosis

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11
Q

What stage of alcohol related liver disease is reversible?

A

steatosis

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12
Q

How steatosis arises

A

alcohol - acetylaldehyde - acetate - fatty acids
calorie rich
fat deposited around central vein then parenchyma

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13
Q

6 indicators of chronic alcohol use

A 
history 
macrocytosis 
increased ferritin 
low platelets 
elevated gamma GT
enlarged liver on AUSS
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14
Q

Alcoholic hepatitis

A

fatty change and infiltration with leucocytes, hepatic necrosis

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15
Q

Signs/symptoms of alcohol hepatitis

A

abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, hepatomegaly, decompensation

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16
Q

Score used to determine 28 day survival rate with alcoholic hepatitis and what it includes

A

Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score

age, markers of inflammation and liver function

17
Q

Management of alcoholic hepatitis

A

abstinence, steroids, treat infection, nutrition

18
Q

Liver fibrosis

A

chronic inflammation
activation of stellate cells
collagen production and scarring

19
Q

How to identify liver fibrosis

A

fibroscan

20
Q

Complications of cirrhosis

A

variceal haemorrhage
encephalopathy
ascites
hepatocellular carcinoma

21
Q

In low doses, alcohol…

A

euphoria, decrease anxiety, sociability

22
Q

In high doses, alcohol…

A

intoxication, impaired attention, nystagmus, slurring, disinhibition, mood instability

23
Q

Intoxication

A

The pathological state produced by a drug, serum, alcohol or any other toxic substance

24
Q

Diagnosing alcohol dependency

A

acute intoxication
harmful use
dependence
withdrawal state

25
Q

dependence symptoms

A

cravings, difficult controlling use, primacy, increased tolerance, persistence, physiological withdrawal

26
Q

Withdrawal symptoms

A

tremor, weakness, nausea, vomit, anxiety, seizures, confusion, agitation, death
DELIRIUM TREMENS

27
Q

How alcohol effects life negatively

A

physical, mental, relationships, work

28
Q

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

A

confusion, ataxia, opthalmoplegia, nystagmus

29
Q

What causes Wernicke’s encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s psychosis?

A

thiamine deficiency

30
Q

Screening tools

A

CAGE - 2 or more

FAST, AUDIT, PAT

31
Q

Managing alcohol dependency

A

practical advice, holistic approach, CBT/AA, medication, social work

32
Q

Medication for alcohol dependency

A

chlordiazepoxide

thiamine

33
Q

Licensing act

A

2005

34
Q

7 messages of the industry

A

non-drinkers do not exist
alcohol is normal, common, healthy and responsible
ignore harmful and addictive
damage by small group of deviants
only solved when all parties work together
helping consumer choose
education about responsible use is best prevention

Year 3 psych (JK) (20 decks)

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