Psychological Explanations: Eysenck's Theory

Question 1

Eysenck date

Answer 1

1947

Question 2

Eysenck proposed that personality could be represented along three dimensions

Answer 2

Introversion.
Neuroticism.
Psychoticism.

Question 3

Introversion.

Answer 3

extraversion (E)

Question 4

Neuroticism.

Answer 4

stability (N)

Question 5

Psychoticism.

Answer 5

socialization (P)

Question 6

the dimensions combine to form a

Answer 6

variety of personality characteristics or types

Question 7

Eysenck suggested personality types are

Answer 7

innate and based on the nervous system we inherit

Question 8

extroverts have an

Answer 8

under active nervous system which means they seek excitement and stimulation and engage in risk taking

Question 9

neurotic individuals have a high level of reactivity in the

Answer 9

sympathetic nervous system

Question 10

having a high level of reactivity in the sympathetic nervous system means neurotic individuals

Answer 10

react quickly to situations of threat

Question 11

neurotic individuals tend to be

Answer 11

nervous, jumpy and over-anxious so their behavior is difficult to predict

Question 12

psychotic individuals are suggested to have higher levels of

Answer 12

testosterone - they’re cold, unemotional and prone to aggression

Question 13

The criminal personality type is a combination: neurotics

Answer 13

Neurotics are unstable and therefore prone to overreact to situations of threat

Question 14

The criminal personality type is a combination: Extraverts

Answer 14

Extraverts seek more arousal and thus engage in dangerous activities

Question 15

The criminal personality type is a combination: Psychotics

Answer 15

Psychotics are aggressive and lacking empathy

Question 16

Eysenck saw criminal behaviour as

Answer 16

Developmentally immature in that it is selfish and concerned with immature gratification

Question 17

Criminals are

Answer 17

Impatient and can not wait for things - so they are more likely to act anti socially

Question 18

In the process of socialisation, children are taught to become

Answer 18

More able to delay gratification and more socially orientated

Question 19

Eysenck believed that people with high Extraverts and Neurotics scores had

Answer 19

A Nervous systems that made it difficult for them to learn

Question 20

As a result of having high extravert and neurotic scores

Answer 20

People are less likely to learn anxiety responses to antisocial impulses

Question 21

A notion that personality can be measured is

Answer 21

Central to Eysenck’s theory

Question 22

Eysenck developed the

Answer 22

Eysenck personality inventory (EPI)

Question 23

Eysenck personality inventory (EPI) is a

Answer 23

Psychological test that locates respondents along the extravert and neurotics dimensions to determine their personality type

Question 24

A letter scale was introduced to the Eysenck personality inventory (EPI) to

Answer 24

Measure psychoticism

Question 25

Eysenck and Eysenck Date

Answer 25

1977

Question 26

Eysenck and Eysenck compared EPI scores of

Answer 26

2070 male prisoners with a control group containing 2422 non-criminal men

Question 27

Farrington et al date

Answer 27

1982

Question 28

Farrington et al review of studies showed offenders scored high on

Answer 28

Psychotic but not on extravert or neurotic

Question 29

Farrington et al also found little evidence of

Answer 29

Consistent differences in EEGs between Extraverts and introverts

Question 30

Eysenck and Eysenck casts double on the

Answer 30

Psychological basis of Eysenck’s theory

Question 31

Moffitt (1993) proposed several types of

Answer 31

Adult male offender

Question 32

What did Moffett base his idea on?

Answer 32

Based on the timing of the first offence and how long the offending persists

Question 33

Eysenck’s theory is

Answer 33

Out of step with modern personality theories

Question 34

Digman date

Answer 34

1990

Question 35

Digman’s five factor model suggests

Answer 35

Three additional dimensions of openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness

Question 36

There may be many different types of criminal since

Answer 36

Extravert and neurotics aren’t the only factors that contribute

Question 37

Bartolomea and Holanchock Date

Answer 37

1979

Question 38

Bartol and Holanchock studied

Answer 38

Hispanic and African-American offenders in a New York top security prison

Question 39

Bartol and Holanchock divided the Hispanic and African-Americans into

Answer 39

Six groups based on criminal history and offence

Question 40

All six of Bartol and Holanchock’s groups were

Answer 40

Less extravert than a non-criminal control group

Question 41

Bartol and Holanchock suggested that this was because the

Answer 41

Sample was a different cultural group from that investigated by Eysenck

Question 42

Bartol and Holanchock questions the

Answer 42

Generalisability of the criminal personality

Question 43

Eysenck’s theory assumes that it is possible to

Answer 43

Measure personality

Question 44

Critics have said that Eysenck cannot

Answer 44

Reduce personality to a score from the EPI

Question 45

Some people say that there isn’t even a thing such as

Answer 45

Personality as a stable entity - we adopt different personalities is different contexts

Question 46

Eysenck’s theory recognises personality

Answer 46

May have a genetic basis

Question 47

prisoners scored higher on

Answer 47

extroverts, psychotic neurotic supprting predictions of the theory