Psychological Disorders (2) Flashcards
Unipolar Mood Disorders
Person experiences only episodes of depression
- Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
- Dysthymia
Bipolar Mood Disorders
Person experiences episodes of mania and in most cases episodes of depression
- Bipolar I disorder
- Bipolar II disorder
- Cyclothymia
Bipolar I
based more on the manic episodes than on depression
People With Bipolar II
may experience less extreme mood elevations called hypomania
Hypomania
episodes characterized by heightened creativity and productivity that are enjoyable and rewarding
Bipolar II Usually
does not cause significant impairment to daily living and hospitalization is not required
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder
Schizoid → Schizotypal → Schizophrenia → Schizoaffective
(increasing # of letters = increasing symptoms)
Schizoid
very introverted and voluntarily withdraw from social interactions
Schizotypal
schizoid symptoms + magical thinking & odd behavior
Schizophrenia
schizotypal + psychosis
Schizoaffective
schizophrenia + mood disorder
Schizophrenia is a
from of psychotic disorder (loss of contact with reality)
Schizophrenia: Positive Symptoms
presence of problematic behaviors
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized speech
- Disorganized behavior
- Bizarre behavior
Schizophrenia: Negative Symptoms
absence of normal functions
- Flat affect
- Poverty of speech
- Lack of initiative
- Loss of energy
- Loss of social life
Persecutory
belief that others are persecuting, spying on, or trying to harm one
Referential
belief that objects, events, or other people have particular significance to one
Grandiose
belief that one has great power, knowledge, or talent
Identity
belief that one is someone else, such as Jesus or president of United States
Guilt
belief that one has committed a terrible sin
Control
belief that one’s thoughts and behaviors are being controlled by external forces
Features of Personality Disorder
1) Early onset; evident at least since late adolescence
2) Stability; no significant period when not evident
3) Pervasive; evident across a wide range of personal, social, and occupational situations
4) Clinically significant maladaptation, resulting in personal distress or impairment in social and occupational functioning
