psychological disorders

Question 1

psychopathology

Answer 1

patterns of thinking and behaving that are maladaptive, disruptive or uncomfortable for the affected person or for others

Question 2

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 2

viewing mental disorders as resulting from a combination of biological, psychological and sociacultural factors

Question 3

psychological model

Answer 3

a view in which mental disorder is seen as aristing from psychological processes

Question 4

sociocultural perspective

Answer 4

explaining mental disorders in ways that emphasize the role of factors such as gender and age, physical situations, cultural values and expectations and historical era

Question 5

sociocultural factors

Answer 5

characteristics or conditions that can influence the appearance and form of maladaptive behavior

Question 6

diathesis-stress model

Answer 6

the notion that psychological disorders arise when a predisposition for a disorder combines with sufficient amounts of stress to trigger symptoms

Question 7

anxiety disorder

Answer 7

conditions in which intense feelings of fear and dread are long-standing or disruptive

Question 8

phobia

Answer 8

an anxiety disorder that involves strong, irrational fear of an object or situation that does not objectively justify such a reaction

Question 9

specific phobias

Answer 9

phobias that involve fear and avoidance of specific stimuli and situations such as heights, blood, and certain animals

Question 10

social anxiety disorder

Answer 10

strong, irrational fears related to social situations

Question 11

agoraphobia

Answer 11

a strong fear of being alone or away from the safety of home

Question 12

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 12

a condition that involves long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any particular object or situation

Question 13

panic disorder

Answer 13

anxiety in the form of sudden, severe panic attacks that appear without obvious cause

Question 14

obsessive- compulsive disorder

Answer 14

a disorderr in which a person becomes obsessed with certain thoughts or feels a compulsion to do certain things

Question 15

obsessions

Answer 15

persistent, upsetting, and unwanted thoughts that interfere with daily life and may lead to compulsions

Question 16

compulsions

Answer 16

repetitive behaviors that interfere with daily functioning but are perfomed in an effort to prevent dangers or events associated with obsessions

Question 17

body dysmorphic disorder

Answer 17

an obsessive-compulsive disorder characterized by intense distress over imagined abnormalities of the skin, hair, face, or other areas of the body

Question 18

somatic symptom disorders

Answer 18

psychological problems in which a person shows the symptoms of a physical disorder for which there is no psychical cause

Question 19

illness anxiety disorder

Answer 19

a strong, unjustified fear of physical illness

Question 20

conversion disorder

Answer 20

a somatic symptom disorder in which a person appears to be blind, dear, paralyzed, or insensitive to pain

Question 21

dissociative disorders

Answer 21

conditions involving sudden and usually temporary disruptions in a person’s memory, consciousness, or identity

Question 22

dissociative amnesia

Answer 22

a psychological disorder marked by a sudden loss of memory for one’s own name, occupation, or other identifying information

Question 23

dissociative identitiy disorder

Answer 23

a dissosiative disorder in which a person appears to have more than one identity, each of which behaves in a diffrent way

Question 24

depressive disorders

Answer 24

conditions in which a person experiences extremes of moods for long periods, shifts from one extreme mood to another, and experiences moods that are inconsistent with events

Question 25

major depressive disorder

Answer 25

a condition in which a person feels sad and hopeless for weeks or months, often losing interest in all activities and taking pleasure in nothing

Question 26

delusions

Answer 26

false beliefs, such as those experienced by people suffering from schizophrenia or severe depression

Question 27

persistent depressive disorder

Answer 27

a pattern of depression in which the person shows the sad mood, lack of interest, and loss of pleasure associated with major depressive disorder but to a lesser degree and for a longer period

Question 28

bipolar disorder

Answer 28

conditions in which a person alternates between the two emotional extremes of depression and mania

Question 29

mania

Answer 29

an elated, active emotional state

Question 30

cyclothymic disorder

Answer 30

a bipolar disorder characterized by an alternating pattern of mood swings that is less extreme than that of biopolar 1 of 2 disorder

Question 31

schizophrenia

Answer 31

a pattern of severely disturbed thinking, emotion, perception, and behavior that constitutes one of the most serious and disabling of all mental disorders

Question 32

hallucinations

Answer 32

false of distorted perceptions of objects or events

Question 33

personality disorders

Answer 33

longstanding, inflexible ways of behaving that become styles of life that create problems for the person affected and/or others

Question 34

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 34

a long-term, persistent pattern of impulsive, selfish, unscrupulous, even criminal behavior

Question 35

substance-related disorders

Answer 35

problems involving the use of psycho-active drugs for months or years in ways that harm the user or others

Question 36

addiction

Answer 36

development of a physical need for a psychoactive drug

Question 37

alcoholism

Answer 37

a pattern of drinking that may lead to addiction and that almost always causes severe social, physical, and other problems