Motivation and emotion Flashcards
(38 cards)
motivation
the influences that account for the initiation, direction, intensity an persistence of behavior
motive
a reason or purpose for behavior
instinct doctrine
a view that behavior is motivated by automatic, involuntary and unlearned responses
instrinctive behaviors
innate, automatic dispositions to respond in particular ways to specific stimuli
homeostasis
the tendency for physiological systems to remain stable by constantly adjusting themselves in response to change
drive reduction theory
a theory that motivation arises from imbalances in homeostasis
drive
a psychological state that arises from an imbalance in homeostasis and prompts action to fulfil a need
primary drives
drives that arises from basic biological needs
secondary drives
stimuli that take on the motivational properties of primary drives through learning
physiological arousal
a general level of activation reflected in several physiological systems
arousal theory
a theory that people are motivated to maintain what is an optimal level of arousal for them
incentive theory
a theory that people are pulled toward behaviors that offer positive incentives and pushed away from behaviors associated with negative incentives
intrinsic motivation
engaging in behavior simply for the feelings of pleasure, satisfaction, or sense of competence or independence it brings
extrinsic motivation
engaging in behavior in order to obtain an external reward or avoid a penalty or other undesirable consequence
hunger
the general state of wanting to eat
satiation
the satisfaction of a need such as hunger
satiety
the condition of no longer wanting to eat
obesity
a condition in which a person is severely overweight
anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and dramatic weight loss
bulimia
an eating disorder that involves eating massive quantities of food, then eliminating it by self-induced vomiting or laxatives
binge eating disorder
a pattern of sudden, recurrent episodes of eating huge amounts of food, but without purging
sexual response cycle
the pattern of arousal before, during and after sexual activity
sexual arousal
physiological arousal that arises from sexual contact or erotic thoughts
sex hormones
chemicals in the blood that organize and motivate sexual behavior