Psychodynamic Flashcards
Adler’s Teleological Approach
behavior is motivated by future goals versus past events
Psychic Determinism
all behaviors are meaningful and serve some psychological function
Freud therapy technique and targets
Analysis targets free association, dreams, resistance, transference
Psychodynamic assumptions
Behavior is motivated by unconscious
early development is important
universal principals explain behavior and personally
insight is key component
Projection
threatening impulse attributed to another person or external source
Freud view of depression
object loss, anger toward object turned inward
Freud view of phobia
displacement of anxiety onto object event
Freud view of mania
defense against libidinal or aggressive urges that threaten ego
reaction formation
avoiding anxiety-provoking impulse by expressing its opposite
repression
id’s drives and needs excluded from conscious awareness
defense mechanisms
unconscious, deny/distorts reality
Freud re: anxiety
alert ego to threat
id
life and death instincts, pleasure principle
ego
reality principle, defers gratification, rational
superego
internalization of society’s values and standards
psychodynamic therapies
Freud, Adler individual psychology, Jung’s analytical, object relations
Adler’s individual psychology key concepts
inferiority feelings, striving for superiority, style of life, social interest
Style of life
way a person chooses to compensate for inferiority and achieve superiority
unifies various aspects of personality
established by 4-5 years old
healthy reflects optimism, confidence, concern about others
mistaken reflects self-centered, competitive, striving for power
Adler pampered child
do not develop social feelings
Adler neglected child
need for revenge
Adler view of maladaptive behavior
mistaken style of life
compensate feeling of inferiority by preoccupation with power and lack of social interest
Adler therapy goals
collaborative, help client understand style of life, reorient to beliefs and goals
Adler technique
lifestyle investigation to reveal info about client’s family constellation, fictional/hidden goals, and basic mistakes (distorted beliefs and attitudes)
Systematic Training for Effective Teaching
based on Adler’s - all behavior is goal directed and purposeful (need to belong)
behavior is driven by attention, power, revenge or to display deficiency
Jung’s analytic psychotherapy
personality is consequence of conscious and unconsious
Jung re: conscious
oriented toward external world, governed by ego
Jung re: unconscious
made up of personal and collective unconscious
Collective unconscious
repository of latent memory traces that have been passed down from one generation to the next
Archetypes
primordial images that cause people to experience and understand phenomena in a universal way
Archetype: self
strive for unity of different parts of personality
Archetype: persona
public mask
Archetype: shadow
dark side of personality
Archetype: anima and animus
feminine and masculine aspects of personality
Jung attitudes
extraversion and introversion
Jung psychological functions
thinking, feeling, sensing, intuiting
Jung personality development
continues through lifespan, most interested in growth after mid-30s
individuation
integration of conscious and unconscious aspects of psyche
important for development of wisdom
Jung view of maladaptive behavior
symptoms are unconscious messages to individual
Jung goal of therapy
re-bridge gap between conscious and personal and collective unconscious
Jung techniques
interpretation - dreamwork
Jung transference
projection of personal and collective unconscious
analysis is a crucial part of therapy
Jung countertransference
useful therapeutic tool used to provide information about what is occurring during therapy
Jung view
optimistic view of human nature
emphasizes healthy aspects of personality
focus on here-and-now
Object relations theorists
Melanie Klein, Ronald Fairbairn, Margaret Mahler, Otto Kernberg
Basic object relations theory
object-seeking (relationships with others) is a basic inborn drive
early relationships are emphasized
Introjects
child’s internalized representations of objects that become part of the self and influence interactions with other people int eh future
Mahler
focuses on processes by which an infant assumes his or her own physical and psychological identity
Mahler model of early development
initial=normal infantile autism, first month, self-absorbed, oblivious
normal symbiotic phase=child becomes aware of mother but unable to differentiate between me and not me
separation-indivduation phase=4-5 months, object relations occur
Separation-individuation subphases
differentiation, practicing, reapproachment, object constance
Object constancy
Mahler
child has developed permanent sense of self and object
able to perceive others as both separate and related
Mahler on maladaptive behavior
traced back to problems during separation-individuation
Kernberg on Borderline
never integrated positive negative aspects of experience with others and switches back and forth between contradictory images
Object relations therapy goals
bring maladaptive unconscious relationship dynamics into consciousness
provide client with support, acceptance and other conditions that restore client ability to relate to others in meaningful realistic way
Object relations techniques
focus splitting, projective identification, and other defense mechanisms
