Psychiatry 🧠 Flashcards
PTs with lewy body dementia are highly sensitive to what type of medication?
what happens if they take it?
neuroleptics
increased Parkinsonism - leading to falls
first line treatment for paranoia schizophrenia
atypical antipsychotics - risperidone
why would someone prefer atypical to typical antipsychotics like haloperidol
typical antipsychotics have higher risk of extra-pyramidal side effects
what are extra-pyramidal symptoms
inability to sit still
involuntary muscle contractions
tremors
stiff muscles
involuntary facial movements
classic triad of hydrocephalus
urinary incontinence
dementia
gait abnormality
if nutritional intake is resumed too rapidly after a period of low calorie intake the patient is at high risk of ?
refeeding syndrome
signs of refeeding syndrome
tachycardia
pedal odema
confusion
occurs 24-72 hours after refeeding begins
section 2 MHA
Admission for assessment for up to 28 days, non-renewable
The application for admission is made by an Approved Mental Health Professional (AMHP) or the patient’s nearest relative
Requires the recommendation of 2 doctors, one of whom must be ‘approved’ under Section 12(2) of the MHA
section 3 MHA
Used in emergencies where a section 2 would cause “an undesirable delay”
It requires the recommendation of only one doctor and either an AMHP or the nearest relative
Allows a person to be detained for up to 72 hours, whereby it is usually converted to a section 2
section 5(2) MHA
A voluntary patient in hospital may be legally detained by a doctor for 72 hours
section 5(4) MHA
A section 5(4) is similar to a section 5(2) but is used by nurses and only lasts for 6 hours.
section 17 MHA
A Supervised Community Treatment (also known as a Community Treatment Order)
section 135 MHA
A court order that allows the police to enter a property to remove a person to a Place of Safety (either the police station or more commonly A&E)
section 136 MHA
The police can bring someone from a public place who appears to have a mental disorder to a Place of Safety (either the police station or more commonly A&E)
For a patient to be treated under the Mental Health Act (MHA) what criteria must they meet?
They must have a mental disorder
There must be a risk to their health/safety or the safety of others
There must be a treatment (however this can include nursing care, not just drugs)
what is munchausens syndrome
patients intentionally fake signs and symptoms in order to gain attention and play the patient role
first line treatment for ADHD (meds)
methylphenidate
what is methylphenidate
first line medication for adhd in children aged 5 or over
it is a CNS stimulant which primarily acts as a dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
what needs to be monitored when children are on methylphenidate
weight and height every 6 months
if there is inadequate response from methylphenidate what do you do
switch to lisdexamfetamine
then those who can’t tolerate its side effects should switch to dexamfetamine
clinical features of autism
impaired social communication and interaction
repetitive behaviours, interests and activities
often associated with intellectual or language impairment
clinical features of anorexia nervosa
low BMI
hypotension
bradycardia
enlarged salivary glands
lanugo hair
amenorrhea
typical serum chemistry results include ? for anorexia nervosa patients
hypokalaemia
low sex hormone levels
ketoacidosis
hypomagnesaemia
hypophosphataemia
hypocalcaemia
hypoglycaemia
what serum chemistry would you see with an anorexic patient who purges
hypokalaemia
metabolic alkalosis
