Psychiatric Medicine Flashcards
Most Common Cause of Dementia
Alzheimer’s Disease
Dementia
Insidious onset, slowly progressive cognitive deficients, usually beginning with language function and visuospacial skills
Panic Disorder
Panic Attack: 4+ symptoms that develop abruptly and peak within 10 minutes (Trembling, Choking, SOB, Diaphoresis, hot flashes, derealization, fear of dying, abdominal pain, chest pain, palpitations, ext.)
Panic Disorder: h/o panic attack with intense fear of having another x 1 month
Panic Disorder Treatment
Acute: Benzodiazepines
Long Term: CBT + Pharm
1st line - SSRI, SNRI
2nd line - benzo’s only
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Criteria
Diagnosed clinically by presence of criteria at least one month after traumatic event has passed:
- experienced a traumatic event that was potentially harmful or fatal and initial reaction was intense fear or horror
- Persistent re-experiencing of the event through dreams, flashbacks, or recollections
- Avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
- Numbing of responsiveness, limited affect, feelings of detachment or estrangement
- Persistent symptoms of increase arousal: difficulty sleeping, anger, exaggerated startle response, difficulty concentrating
PTSD Management
1st Line: CBT
2nd Line: SSRI or SNRI
Acute Stress Disorder
PTSD, but only lasting for 2 days to 4 weeks.
Obsession
Recurrent and intrusive thought, feeling, or idea
Compulsion
A conscious repetitive behavior linked to an obsession that functions to relieve anxiety caused by the obsession
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Criteria
- Obsessions and/or compulsions
- Person is aware that the obsessions and compulsions are unreasonably and excessive
- Obsessions cause marked distress are time consuming, or significantly interfere with daily functioning
OCD Management
1st Line: CBT using exposure and response prevention and/or SSRI
Phobia Criteria
- Persistent, excessive fear brought on by a specific situation or object
- Exposure to the situation brings about an immediate anxiety response
- Patient recognizes that this fear is excessive
- Situation is avoided when possible or tolerate with intense anxiety
- Duration must be >6 months in >18 years old
What is the most common mental disorder in the US?
Phobia
Phobia Management
Systematic desensitization, possibly with benzo’s during the session
Anorexia Nervosa Types
Restrictive Type: Eat little, exercise vigorously, withdrawn
Binge eating & purging type: binges followed by purging, laxatives, excessive exercise, diuretics
Anorexia Nervosa Criteria
- Body weight at least 15% below normal
- Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat
- Disturbed body image
- Amenorrhea
BMI Ranges
30 obese
Anorexia Nervose Management
Inpatient needed if
Bulimia Nervosa Types
Purging Type: Use vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics to counteract binge
Non-purging Type: Excessive exercise or fasting to counteract binge
Bulimia Nervosa Criteria
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
- Recurrent inappropriate attempts to compensate for overeating to prevent weight gain
- Binge eating and compensatory behaviors occurs at least twice a week for 3 months
- Perception of self worth is excessively influenced by body weight/ shape
What abnormal lab would you expect to see in Bulimia Nervosa
Hypochloremic Hypokalemic Alkalosis
Bulimia Nervosa Management
Psychotherapy, SSRI, TCA
Binge - Eating Disorder Criteria
Recurrent episodes of binge eating, severe distress over binge eating, binging occurs 2 days a week for 6 months, and not associated with compensatory behaviors
Binge - Eating Disorder Criteria
Recurrent episodes of binge eating, severe distress over binge eating, binging occurs 2 days a week for 6 months, and not associated with compensatory behaviors
Major Depressive Episode Criteria
5 + of the following symptoms present nearing every day for a minimum of 2 weeks (at least one symptoms must be depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure) (Depressed Mood, Loss of interest or pleasure, insomnia, hypersomnia, change in appetite, weight gain, psychomotor retardation,
