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Year 10 > psych1 > Flashcards

psych1 Flashcards

1
Q

flight/fight/freeze definition

A

a state of high arousal where the body rapidly prepares for a burst of vigorous activity in a threatening situation.

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2
Q

what are the pathways that sensory neurons travel along called?

A

afferent pathways

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3
Q

what are the pathways that motor neurons travel along called?

A

efferent

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4
Q

how does a spinal reflex happen?

A

the sensory message only reaches the spine before a message is sent back tot he muscles.

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5
Q

spinal reflex definition

A

an automatic response initiated by neurons in the spinal cord instead of the brain

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6
Q

what do interneurons do?

A

relay the message given from the brain to the motor neurons.

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7
Q

differences in unconscious vs conscious responses?

A

awareness, controllability, intentional/involuntary

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8
Q

what are neurotransmitters carried in?

A

vesicles

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9
Q

what are neurons communicating with each other called

A

presynaptic & postsynaptic neurons

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10
Q

what is an excitatory neurotransmitter

A

stimulate or activate postsynaptic neurons

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11
Q

what is an inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

block or prevent postsynaptic neuron from firing

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12
Q

how do neurons communicate electrochemically?

A

dendrites receive message, pass it onto cell body, electric message starts in axon, electric impulse travels to axon terminals

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13
Q

parasympathetic ns definition

A

brings the body back to homeostasis

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14
Q

sympathetic ns definition

A

readies the body for action

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15
Q

autonomic ns inputs & outputs

A

input - internal receptors<div>output - soft muscles & glands</div>

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16
Q

somatic ns inputs & outputs

A

inputs - sensory input<div>outputs - skeletal muscles</div>

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17
Q

peripheral ns definition

A

the rest of the neurons that connect the body to the CNS

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18
Q

what does the primary somatosensory cortex do?

A

receive information about what the body is touching & feeling

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19
Q

what does the primary motor cortex do?

A

control voluntary movements

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20
Q

what does the cerebellum do?

A

coordinate balance & complex muscle action

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21
Q

what does the brain stem do and what’s it connected to

A

controls unconscious activities & is connected to the spinal cord.

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22
Q

what does the cerebrum control?

A

memory, speech, thought & conscious actions.

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23
Q

what’s the meninges?

A

3 layers of connective tissues

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24
Q

what does the frontal lobe do?

A

expressing emotions,<div>memory formation</div><div>planning & selecting movements</div>

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25
Q

what does the parietal lobe do

A

touch, detecting movements, location of objects, body sensations

26
Q

what does the temporal lobe do?

A

coordinate hearing, memory, emotions

27
Q

where does attention allow to move information from?

A

from sensory to short-term

28
Q

how long is sensory memory?

A

0.2s-4s

29
Q

define selective attention

A

attending to a specific stimulus & ignoring others.

30
Q

what does HAAME stand for

A

high attention awareness & mental effort

31
Q

what does haame describe?

A

controlled processes

32
Q

which memory store contains all info you are CURRENTLY aware of?

A

short term

33
Q

what is maintenance rehearsal?

A

repeating info to retain it LONGER

34
Q

what’s elaborative rehearsal?

A

linking info to something already in ltm

35
Q

what do you call memories with awareness?

A

explicit memory.

36
Q

what’s implicit memory?

A

memory we store without consciousness that cannot be consciously brought into awareness.

37
Q

what’s priming

A

when exposure to 1 stimulus affects a subsequent response to a 2nd stimulus

38
Q

what’s classical conditioning?

A

the association of a neutral stimulus with another, creating responses such as salivation.

39
Q

how long is stm

A

18-30 seconds

40
Q

how long is iconic memory

A

0.2-0.4s

41
Q

how long is echoic memory

A

3-4s

42
Q

what’s the most active memory system?

A

the stm

43
Q

how is info organised?

A

based on meaning & importance

44
Q

is it possible for ltm stored but unable to be retrieved?

A

yes

45
Q

what are the 4 mnemonics?

A

narrative chaining, acrostic, acronym & the method of loci (memory palace).

46
Q

definition of fight/flight/freeze

A

a state of high arousal where the body is primed to fight/flight or escape danger.

47
Q

what’s the function of the parietal lobe?

A

touch, detecting movements, location of objects & body sensations.

48
Q

what’s the function of the somatosensory cortex?

A

receiving information about touch & feeling.

49
Q

what’s the function of the cerebellum

A

to coordinate complex muscle action & balance

50
Q

what’s the function of the cerebrum

A

controls conscious activity, thought, speech, memory, emotions etc

51
Q

what’s the function of the brain stem

A

controls unconscious activities

52
Q

what are the 3 protective structure of the brain?

A

the meninges, cerebrospinal fluid & skull

53
Q

what’s clinical psychology?

A

the assessment, diagnosis & treatment of a wide range of general health & psychological problems.

54
Q

what’s counselling psychology

A

assisting individuals, couples families with relationships, personal work or health problems.

55
Q

how are pseudosciences different?

A

lack growth, too vague & rely on personal stories.

56
Q

I Find Data, Collect And Interpret Results.

A

Identify the problem
Formulate hypothesis
Design an experiment method
Collect results
Analyse the data
Interpret the results
Report findings

57
Q

Define encoding.

A

converts info. into a useable form (code) that can be stored & represented in the memory system.

58
Q

Define retrieval.

A

locating info. stored in memory bringing it into consciousness when needed.

59
Q

Define attention

A

whether the person responds to sitmuli

60
Q

What are the 3 steps of operant conditioning?

A

stimulus (antedecent), behaviour, consequence

Year 10 (8 decks)

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