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Psych/Soc MCAT > Psych/Soc Class 2 > Flashcards

Psych/Soc Class 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a social institution?

A

Standardized set of social norms organized to pressure a societal value

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2
Q

What are examples of social institutions ?

A 
Education
Family 
Religion
Health and Medicine
Government
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3
Q

Is education the great equalizer?

A

NO, not everyone who has education is equal

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4
Q

What are the ways in which promotes inequality in education?

A

Hidden curriculum

Teacher expectancy

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5
Q

What is the hidden curriculum ?

A

Education transmitting unintentional lessons about norms, values and beliefs

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6
Q

What is the teacher expectancy?

A

Student ten to March teacher expectations

-can be + or -

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7
Q

What is a democracy?

A

Leaders selected by free and fair elections

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8
Q

What is a monarchy?

A

Leaders selected via bloodline/marriage

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9
Q

What is an authoritarian?

A

Leader doesn’t allow you to select leaders but can do everything else

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10
Q

What is a totalitarian ?

A

The government has total control over everything

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11
Q

What is the iron law of oligarchy?

A

All forms of organization develop oligarchy tendency especially in large groups and couples organizations.
-some power will be concentrated and therefore establish new ruling class

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12
Q

What would the ideal bureaucracy entail?

A

Hierarchal structure
Written rules and expectations
Neutrality
Official hired and promoted on technical competence

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13
Q

What is McDonaldization?

A

Principles of fast food dominating other sectors of society

-they are predictable and uniform but leads to loss of origniality

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14
Q

What is medicalization?

A

Process through which human conditions are defined and treated as medical condition

  • new info/discourse regarding decision
  • changing social attitudes/economic consideration
  • Development of new meds and treatments
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15
Q

What is the sick role?

A

individuals who are ill have rights, obligations and responsibilities in society

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16
Q

What is institutional discrimination?

A

The social structure engages in discriminatory practices against a group
-not the choices of individuals but the whole organization

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17
Q

How is healthcare delivered?

A

Small scale: clinics/individual

Large scale: CDC, public health

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18
Q

What is the difference between the availability and the accessibility off healthcare?

A

Availability: The presence of the resource (present)

Accessibility: Ability to obtain existing resources (if present can we use)

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19
Q

What is social epidemiology?

A

Social determinants of health and use if structural concepts explains patterns of health in population

20
Q

What are social conditions?

A

Favourable factors (+) improve overall quality of life

Social problems (-) are social conditions with negative impact

Social isolation: Complete or near-complete lack of contact with others in society

21
Q

What is the Socioeconomic gradients of health?

A

Proportional increase in heath and health outcomes as socioeconomic status increases

22
Q

What are the major demographics of society?

A 
Age
Immigration status
Gender
Race
Sexuality
23
Q

What is the Malthusian theory?

A

Unchecked population growth would exceed carrying capacity leading to over population and catastrophe

24
Q

What is the demographic transition theory?

A

Societies transition from high hearth and high health rates to low birthrate and low death rate

25
Q

What will population pyramids not tell you about?

A

Birth rate

26
Q

What is the difference between sex and gender?

A

Sex is biological

Gender is a social construct

27
Q

What is the difference between race and ethnicity?

A

Race is social construct based on physical characteristics

Ethnicity us a shared common nationality and shared traditions, languages food, religion

28
Q

What is urbanization?

A

Population shift from rural to urban

29
Q

What is globalization?

A

International integration

30
Q

What is Social movement?

A

Group that attempts to promote, resist or undo a social change

31
Q

What is gentrification?

A

Changing of neighbourhoods though renovation and capital investment that increases cost and perceived livability of the neighbourhood

32
Q

What is residential segregation?

A

Physical separation into different areas based on race, ethnicity and SES

33
Q

What us environmental injustice?

A

How SES and minorities live in shittier areas compared to upperclass

34
Q

What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

A

Prejudice: a belief

Discrimination: Biased treatment (action)

35
Q

What is social segregation?

A

Tendency of people for the same social group to interact with each other and have minimal contact with individuals of another social group

36
Q

How is SES defined?

A

Power
Prestige
Property

37
Q

What is absolute poverty?

A

Actual lack of essential resources

38
Q

What is relative poverty?

A

Social inequality compared to other members of society

39
Q

What is social stratification?

A

Different societies classify people based on different thing

40
Q

What are the 3 levels of social stratification?

A

Caste: Status defined by birth

Class: Degree of social mobility

Meritocracy: Individual merit/achievement

41
Q

What is social reproduction?

A

When social inequality is transmitted from one generation to the next

42
Q

What is Structural mobility?

A

Is brought about by changes in stratification of the hierarch itself

43
Q

What determines social mobility?

A

Physical, Social and Cultural capital

44
Q

What is assimilation?

A

Process in which a person or a group culture come to resemble /chose another culture

45
Q

What is multiculturalism?

A

Preservation of various cultures or cultural identities

46
Q

What is ethnocentrism?

A

Belief in the inherent superiority of of ones own ethnic group or culture

47
Q

What is cultural relativism ?

A

Individual human beliefs and activities should be understood by others

Psych/Soc MCAT (7 decks)

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