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DIT Cards > Psych Review > Flashcards

Psych Review Flashcards

1
Q

How long must symptoms last in order to meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?

A

> 6 months

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2
Q

How long must symptoms last in order to meet the diagnostic criteria for delusional disorder?

A

> 1 month

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3
Q

How long must symptoms last in order to meet the diagnostic criteria for brief psychotic disorder?

A

< 1 month

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4
Q

Howl long must symptoms last in order to meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder?

A

1-6 months

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5
Q

Schizoaffective disorder

A

meets criteria for schizophrenia in addition to major mood disorder; patient must have >2 weeks of hallucinations or delusions without major mood episode

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6
Q

Where in the brain is dopamine affected in schizophrenia?

A

increased in mesolimbic pathway

decreased in mesocortical pathway

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7
Q

What are the criteria for the diagnosis of mania?

A 
Symptoms lasting > 1 week
Hospitalization or at least 3: (DIG FAST)
- distractibility
- irresponsibility
- grandiosity
- flight of ideas
- increase in Activity
- decreased Sleep
- talkative
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8
Q

What are the criteria for the diagnosis of major depressive episode?

A 
Depressed mood + 5/9 of the following for >/= 2 weeks:
SIG E CAPS
S- Sleep disturbance
I- decreased Interest
G- Guilt/feelings of worthlessness
E- decreased Energy
C- Concentration problems
A- Appetite/weight changes
P- Psychomotor retardation/agitation
S- Suicidal ideation
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9
Q

What is the presentation of major depressive disorder with atypical features?

A
  • can be cheered up (mood reactivity)
  • increased appetite/weight gain
  • hypersomnia
  • leaden paralysis
  • hypersensitivity to rejection
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10
Q

A 28 year old woman has symptoms of mild depression for six years. What’s the diagnosis?

A

persistent depressive disorder

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11
Q

What is serotonin syndrome? What drugs can cause it?

A

triad: mental status changes, hyperreflexia, autonomic instability (hyperthermia, diaphoresis, diarrhea)
drugs: SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, tramadol, ondansetron, triptans, linezolid, MDMA, dextromethorphan, St. John’s wort, kava-kava

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12
Q

What is the treatment for serotonin syndrome?

A
  1. stop meds
  2. cool patient down
  3. can give benzodiazepines
  4. can give serotonin antagonist (cyproheptadine)
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13
Q

unexplained pain

A

somatic symptom disorder

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14
Q

patient with normal anatomy is convinced part of his/her appearance is abnormal

A

body dysmorphic disorder

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15
Q

unexplained loss of sensory or motor function (tests and PE are negative)

A

conversion disorder

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16
Q

unwavering belief by the patient that she has a specific disease (despite medical reassurance)

A

illness anxiety disorder

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17
Q

unexplained complaint despite normal workup

A

somatic symptom disorder

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18
Q

what is the difference between malingering and factitious disorders?

A

both the patient is consciously making the illness up; malingering is for secondary gain (avoiding work, obtaining compensation); factitious disorder is for the sympathy/attention of being sick

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19
Q

How long does PTSD have to last in order to be diagnosed?

A

> 1 month

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20
Q

How long does acute stress disorder last?

A

3 days - 1 month

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21
Q

What is first line treatment for PTSD?

A

CBT, SSRIs, and venlafaxine

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22
Q

What is first line treatment for GAD?

A

CBT, SSRIs, SNRIs

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23
Q

What is first line treatment for OCD?

A

CBT, SSRis, and clomipramine (TCA)

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24
Q

What is the treatment for specific phobias?

A

systematic desensitization

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25
Q

What is the treatment for social anxiety disorder?

A

CBT, SSRI, venlafaxine

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26
Q

How long must symptoms last for the diagnosis of a phobia?

A

> 6 months

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27
Q

What is the treatment for panic disorder?

A

prevention: CBT, SSRI, venlafaxine; benzodiazepines for during panic attack

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28
Q

What are the diagnostic characteristics of anorexia nervosa?

A

BMI < 18.5
Restricting food intake
distorted body image
intense fear of gaining weight

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29
Q

What are the diagnostic characteristics of binge eating disorder?

A

overeating without compensation (tend to be obese)

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30
Q

What are the diagnostic characteristics of bulimia nervosa?

A

normal body weight
excessive purging, laxative use, or calorie restriction
binge eating

31
Q

What electrolyte changes are seen in patients with excessive vomiting over time?

A

hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

32
Q

What is the most common class of medication used for bulimia nervosa?

A

SSRIs (fluoxetine)

33
Q

What are the results of child neglect?

A

poor socialization skills, poor language skills, inability to trust others, poor feeding, weight loss, failure to thrive, poor muscle tone

34
Q

What is reactive attachment disorder?

A

diagnosed after 9 months of age
emotionally withdrawn
sadness, fearfulness, irritability
due to abuse

35
Q

What is the difference between conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder?

A

conduct disorder < 18 yo

antisocial personality disorder > 18 yo

36
Q

What is the difference between conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder?

A

oppositional defiant disorder keeps respect for societal norms and laws

37
Q

How long must tics last in Tourette’s syndrome for diagnosis?

A

> 1 year

38
Q

After what age can you diagnose separation anxiety disorder?

A

Normal up to age 3-4

39
Q

What name is given to chronic, compulsive hair pulling common in young girls?

A

hair pulling disorder

40
Q

What stimulant medications are commonly used int he treatment of ADHD?

A

stimulants

  • methylphenidate
  • dexmethylphenidate
  • mixed amphetamines
  • dextroamphetamine
41
Q

What is the most common medication used for treating ADHD?

A

methylphenidate

42
Q

post-op constipation and/or respiratory depression

A

opioids

43
Q

severe depression, HA, fatigue, insomnia/hypersomnia, hunger

A

cocaine or amphetamine withdrawal

44
Q

pinpoint pupil, N/V, seizures

A

opioid overdose

45
Q

belligerence, impulsiveness, nystagmus, homicidal ideation, psychosis

A

PCP intoxication

46
Q

HA, anxiety, depression

A

withdrawal from nicotine/caffeine

47
Q

anxiety/depression, delusions, hallucinations, flashbacks

A

LSD

48
Q

euphoria, social withdrawal, impaired judgement, hallucinations

A

marijuana intoxication

49
Q

rebound anxiety, tremors, seizures, life threatening

A

benzodiazepines, barbs, alcohol withdrawal

50
Q

anxiety, piloerection, yawning, fever, rhinorrhea, nausea, diarrhea

A

opioid withdrawal

51
Q

what is the treatment for a patient that is overly intoxicated with alcohol?

A

fluids, resp monitoring, blood alcohol monitoring, time

52
Q

What is the treatment for a patient that is overly intoxicated with benzodiazepines?

A

supportive care, flumazenil

53
Q

What is the treatment for a patient that is overly intoxicated with PCP?

A

benzodiazepines, haloperidol

54
Q

What is the treatment for a patient that is overly intoxicated with opioids?

A

naloxone, naltrexone

55
Q

What are the stages of behavioral change?

A
  1. precontemplation
  2. contemplation
  3. preparation
  4. action
  5. maintenance
  6. relapse
56
Q

What is the mechanism of action of disulfiram?

A

inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which leads to a buildup of acetaldehyde, which makes you feel like shit

57
Q

When does delirium tremens occur?

A

2-4 days after last drink

58
Q

What medications are effective in helping to prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics?

A
  1. alcoholics anonymous
  2. naltrexone
  3. disulfiram
  4. topiramate
  5. acamprosate
59
Q

What ist he medical treatment for alcohol withdrawal?

A

benzodiazepine

60
Q

What defense mechanism is voluntarily choosing not to think about a piece of bad news?

A

suppression

61
Q

What defense mechanism is not acknowledging a piece of bad news as though it were never said?

A

denial

62
Q

What defense mechanism is involuntary withholding of a feeling from conscious awareness?

A

repression

63
Q

What defense mechanism is a veteran who can describe horrific war details without any emotion?

A

isolation

64
Q

What defense mechanism is a belief that a person or thing is either all good or all bad?

A

splitting

65
Q

What defense mechanism is a man that yells at his family when he has a bad day at work?

A

displacement

66
Q

What defense mechanism is an 8-year-old girl who is being bullied in school who starts carrying around her security blanket again?

A

regression

67
Q

What are the Cluster A personality disorders?

A

weird
paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal

68
Q

What are the Cluster B personality disorders?

A 
wild
Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic
69
Q

What are the Cluster C personality disorders?

A

weird
Avoidant
Obsessive-Compulsive
Dependent

70
Q

Schizoid

A

schizoids avoid

voluntary social withdrawal

71
Q

Schizotypal

A

eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, interpersonal awkwardness

72
Q

Histrionic

A

excessive emotionality and excitability, attention seeking, sexually provocative, overly concerned with appearance

73
Q

Avoidant

A

hypersensitive to rejection, socially inhibited, timid, feelings of inadequacy, desires relationships with others

74
Q

Dependent

A

submissive and clingy; excessive need to be taken care of, low self-confidence

DIT Cards (16 decks)

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