psych psychotherapies

Question 1

Id

Answer 1

unconscious; instinctual sexual/aggressive urges and primary process thinking

Question 2

Ego

Answer 2

serves as mediator between id and external environment; uses defense mechanisms to control instinctual urges and distinguishes fantasy from reality testing

Question 3

superego

Answer 3

moral conscious

Question 4

defense mechanisms

Answer 4

unconscious processes used by the Ego to protect oneself and relieve anxiety by keeping conflicts out of awareness; they can be normal and healthy (adaptive) or maladaptive (mental disorders)

Question 5

mature defense mechanisms

Answer 5

healthy ad adaptive; seen in normal adults

Question 6

Neurotic densese

Answer 6

encountered in obsessive-compulsive patients, hysterical patients and adults under stress

Question 7

immature defenses

Answer 7

seen in kids, psychotic patients, and some nonpsychotic patients. They are the most primitive defense mechanisms

Question 8

examples of mature defenses

Answer 8

altruism, humor, sublimation, suppression

Question 9

altruism

Answer 9

performing acts that benefit others in order to vicariously experience pleasure

Question 10

humor

Answer 10

experssing unpleasant or uncomfortable feelings without causing discomfort to self or others

Question 11

sublimation

Answer 11

satisfying socially objectionable impulses in an acceptable manner (ex: person with urges to physically control others becomes a prison guard)

Question 12

suppression

Answer 12

purposely ignoring an unacceptable impulse or emotion in order to diminish discomfort and accomplish a task

Question 13

neurotic defenses examples

Answer 13

controlling, displacement, intellectualization, isolation of affect, rationalization, reaction formation, repression

Question 14

controlling defense

Answer 14

regulating situatins and events of the external environment to relieve anxiety

Question 15

displacement

Answer 15

shifting emotions from an undesirable situation to one that is personally tolerable (ex: student who is angry at his mother talks back to his teacher)

Question 16

intellectualization

Answer 16

avoiding neg feelings by excessive use of intellectual functions by focsuing on irrelevant details or inanimate object

Question 17

isolation of affect

Answer 17

unconsciously limiting the experience of feelings or emotions assoc with a stressful life event in order to avoid anxiety

Question 18

rationalizaiton

Answer 18

ex: “my boss fired me today becase she’s short tempered and impulsive”

Question 19

reaction formation

Answer 19

doing the opposite of an unacceptable impulse; ex: man who is in love with his married coworker insults her

Question 20

repression

Answer 20

preventing a thought or feeling from entering consciousness

Question 21

difference between repression and suppression

Answer 21

repression is unciousness whereas suppression is a conscios act

Question 22

immature defenses

Answer 22

acting out; denial; regression; projection

Question 23

acting out

Answer 23

man who has been tld his therapist is going on vacation “forgets” his last appt and skips it

Question 24

denial

Answer 24

woman who has been scheduled for a breast mass biopsy cancels her appt because she believes she is healthy

Question 25

regression

Answer 25

woman brings her childhood teddy bear to the hospital when she has to spend the night

Question 26

projection

Answer 26

husband who is attacted to other women accuses his wife of having an affair

Question 27

splitting

Answer 27

labeling people as all good or all bad; often seen in borderline personality disorder

Question 28

undoing

Answer 28

attempting to reverse a situation by adopting a new behavior; man who has a brief fantasy of killing his wife by sabotaging her car takes the car in for a complete checkup

Question 29

psychoanalysis may be useful in the reatment of what?

Answer 29

cluster C personality disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, problems coping with life events, anorexia, sexual disorders, dysthymic disorder

Question 30

psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy

Answer 30

similar techniques to psychoanaysis but they are briefter and involve face to face sessions between the therapist and patient (no couch)

Question 31

interpersonal therapy

Answer 31

focuses on the development of social skills to help treat certain psych disorders

Question 32

supportive psychotherapy

Answer 32

purpose is to help patient feel safe during a difficult time; ideal patients are healthy individuals who are in crisis;

Question 33

behavioral therapy

Answer 33

helps patients change behaviors that are contributing to their symptoms; involves conditioning an deconditioning

Question 34

classical vs operant conditioning

Answer 34

classic is pavlov’s dog salivating when hears a bell; operant is a rat happened upon a lever and received food, eventually it learned to press lever for food (trial and error learning)

Question 35

behavioral therapy techniques

Answer 35

systemic desensitization; flooding and implosion; aversion therapy; token economy; biofeedback

Question 36

systemic desensitization

Answer 36

patient performs relaxation techniques while being exposed to incr doses of an anxiety producing stimulus; commonly used for phobic disorders

Question 37

flooding and implosion

Answer 37

through habituation, the patient is confronted with a real (flooding) or imagined (implosion) anxiety-provoking stimulus and not allowed to withdraw from it until he or she feels calm and in control; commonly used to treat phobic disorders

Question 38

aversion therapy

Answer 38

a negative stimulus (like electric shock) is repeatedly paired with a specific behavior to create an unpleasant response; used to treat addiction or paraphilias

Question 39

token economy

Answer 39

rewards are given after a specific behaviors to positively reinforce them; can be used to encourage showering or shaving in MR or disorganized patients

Question 40

biofeedback

Answer 40

physiologic data (HR, BP), are given to patients as they try to mentally control physiological states; can be used for migraines, htn, chronic pain, asthma, and incontinence

Question 41

cognitive therapy

Answer 41

the patient is taught to recognize maladaptive thoughts and replace them with positive ones

Question 42

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer 42

combines ideas from cognitive therapy and from behavioral therapy; homework assignments between therapy sessions; set agenda; challenge cognitive distortions;

Question 43

DBT (dialectical behavioral therapy)

Answer 43

once weekly individual and once weekly group tx diminish the self-destructive behaviors of paitients with borderline pers disorder;