psych dissociative disorders

Question 1

dissociative disorders def

Answer 1

loss of memory (amnesia), identity, or sense of self

Question 2

dissoc disorders are often thought to be related to what?

Answer 2

trauma or abuse durin childhood or severe trauma as an adult

Question 3

what neurotransmitters are involved in dissociative disorders

Answer 3

glutamate and norepi

Question 4

dissociative disorders include

Answer 4

dissoc amnesia, dissoc fugue, dissic identity disorder, depersonalization disorder, dissoc disorder NOS

Question 5

dissociative amnesia

Answer 5

amnesia is the only dissoc sx present; patients usually retain new memory formation and can have large periods of time that are forgotten

Question 6

dissoc amnesia dsm criteria

Answer 6

at least one episode of inability to recall impt personal information, usually involving a traumatic or stressful event; sx cause signif impairment in daily functioning and can not be expained by another disorder

Question 7

most common dissociative disorder

Answer 7

dissociative amnesia

Question 8

prognosis of dissociative amnesia

Answer 8

many acute cases abruptly return to normal after minutes to days; recurrences are uncommon

Question 9

treatment for dissociative amnesia

Answer 9

establish patient’s safety; psychotherapy is the mainstay of treatment; hypnosis or administration of sodium amobarbital or lorazepam during the interview have been used historically and may be useful to help some patients talk more freely

Question 10

sodium amobarbitol

Answer 10

short acting sedative

Question 11

dissociative fugue

Answer 11

sudden unexpected travel away from home, accompanied by the inability to recall one’s identity or one’s past

Question 12

dissoc fugue- are patients aware?

Answer 12

no, they are unaware of their amnesia and new identity and they never recall the period of the fugue; patients show low anxiety despite their confusion

Question 13

factors that predispose to dissociative fugue

Answer 13

heavy alc use, major depression, history of head trauma, and epilepsy; onset assoc with stressful life event (but that’s not a dsm criteria)

Question 14

prognosis of fugue

Answer 14

usually lasts a few hours to several days but may last longer; after the episode, the patient will resume identity without remembering the episode

Question 15

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 15

aka multiple personality disorder; two or more distinct personalities that alternately control their behaviors and thoughts

Question 16

diagnosis of dissoc identity disorder

Answer 16

presence of two or more distinct identities; at least two of the identities recurrently take control; inability to recall personal info of one personality when the other is dominant

Question 17

dissoc personality disorder- more common in women or men?

Answer 17

women account for 90 percent

Question 18

who gets multiple personality disordr?

Answer 18

most patients have experienced prior trauma, esp chilhood physical or sexual abuse;

Question 19

average age of onset for mult personality disorder

Answer 19

age 6, but avg age of diagnosis Is 30

Question 20

suicide rate in mult personality disorder

Answer 20

up to 30%

Question 21

prognosis of mult pers disorder

Answer 21

coruse is usually chronic with incomplete recovery; worst prognosis of all dissoc disorders; patients with an early onset have a poorer prognosis

Question 22

treatment for mult personality disorder

Answer 22

hypnosis, drug-assisted interviewing, and insight-oriented psychotherapy

Question 23

depersonalizaiton disorder

Answer 23

persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one’s self, environment, or social situation; reality testing remains intact during episode; causes social or occupational impairment

Question 24

age for depersonalization disorder

Answer 24

more common among adolescents and young adults

Question 25

treatment for depersonalization disorder

Answer 25

antianxiety agents or SSRIs to treat assoc sx

Question 26

dissociative disorder NOS

Answer 26

primary dissoc disorders that share the characteristics of disruption in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception but do not meet the criteria of the other specific categories

Question 27

examples of dissoc disorders NOS

Answer 27

dissoc disorder presentations without two or more states; primary derealization; cultural-bound dissoc trance disorders; loss of consciousness, stupor, or coma not due to med condition; Ganser syndrome (giving approx answers to simple questions)

Question 28

dissociative amnesia

Answer 28

patients usually report gaps in the recollection of a particular event; the memory forgotten is usually a traumatic one, such as being raped

Question 29

transient global amnesia versus dissoc fugue

Answer 29

in transient global amnesia, the patiet will have difficulty recalling recent events, while memory for more temporally distant events (like identity) remain intact

Question 30

abreaction

Answer 30

the strong reaction patients get when retrieving traumatic memories

Question 31

insight in dissociative amnesia versus dissoc fugue

Answer 31

in dissociative amnesia, the patient knows she has forgotten stuff; not true in fugue

Question 32

ataque de nervios

Answer 32

trance disorder in Puerto rico that consists of convulsive movements, fainting, crying, and visual problems