Psych Flashcards
Schizophrenia
2 symptoms (1 positive)
- Delusions (+)
- Hallucinations (+)
- Disorganized speech (+)
- Catatonic behavior
- negative symptoms
↑ dopamine and serotonin
Manic episode
Hospitalization, 1 week, 3 symptoms
DIG FAST Distractibility Impulsivity Grandiosity (inflated self esteem) Flight of ideas Agitation/Activity Sleepless Talkativeness
Hypomanic epidsode
Not severe enough to limit social/occupational function
less than 4 days
Bipolar I
Bipolar II
Bipolar I → 1 manic episode +/- depressive episode
Bipolar II → hypomanic episode + depressive episode, high suicide risk
Cyclothymic disorder
2 years of symptoms present half the time
hypomanic episodes and mild depressive episodes
Major depressive episode
2 weeks of 5 symptoms
d SIG E CAPS depressed mood Sleep disturbance Interest loss (anhedonia) Guilt
Energy loss
Concentration problems
Appetite/weight changes
Psychomotor retardation or agitation
Suicidal ideation
Dysthymia
aka persistent depressive disorder
milder, 2 symptoms for 2 years, less than 2 months remission
Cluster A personality disorders
Aloof, Accusatory, Awkward
Schizoid → Aloof, limited emotional expression, content with isolation
Schizotypal → Eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, socially awkward
Cluster B personality disorders
Bad, Borderline, flamBoyant, Best
Antisocial/sociopath
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic
Borderline
cluster B unstable mood fear of abandonment impulsive suicidal and self mutilating splitting defense mechanism (people are all good or all bad)
Histrionic
Cluster B flamBoyant attentions-seeking dramatic speech and emotional expression shallow emotions sexually provacative use physical appearance to draw attention
Antisocial/sociopath
must be over 18 for diagnosis
if under 18 → conduct disorder
Cluster C personality disorders
Cowardly, obsessive Compulsive, Clingy
Avoidant
Obsessive-compulsive
Dependent
Avoidant
Cluster C, Cowardly hypersensitive to rejection, criticism Timid Feelings of inadequacy Desires relationships with others
dependent
Cluster C, Clingy
Excessive need for support
low self confidence
Serotonin syndrome
3 A’s
↑ Activity (seizure, tremor, hypereflexia)
Autonomic Instability (hyperthemia, diaphoresis, diarrhea)
Altered mental status
tx: cyproheptadine
TCA overdose
3 C’s
Convulsions
Coma (respiratory depression)
Cardiotoxicity (prolonged QT)
Alcohol withdrawl tx
Bezodiaepines
Bipolar tx
Lithium → manic and depressive
valproic acid → manic
carbamezepine → manic
lamotrigine → depressive
Bulimia tx
SSRI
Depressions tx
SSRI
Gen anxiety disorder tx
SSRI, SNRI
OCD tx
SSRI, venlafaxine, clomipramine
Panic disorder tx
SSRI, venlafaxine, benzos
PTSD tx
SSRI, venlafaxine
Schizophrenia tx
atypical antipsychotics
CNS stimulants
↑ catecholamines at the synaptic cleft
Typical antipsychotics
Halperidol
pimozide
-azines
block Dopamine (D2) receptor
stored in fat (slow to remove from body) Tardive dyskinesia (chorea, orofacial especially) QT prolongation
High potency antipsychotics
Haloperidol, Trifluoperzine, Fluphenazine
Hal Tries to Fly HIGH
Low potency antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine
Cheating Thieves are LOW
Atypical antipsychotics
Aripiprazole
- apine
- idone
prolonged QT
-apines → metabolic syndrome
clozapine → bone marrow suppression
Risperidone → hyperprolactinemia
Lithium
mechanism not understood
mood stabilizer
LiTHIUM Low Thyroid (hypothyroidism) Heart (ebstein anomaly) Insipidus (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) Unwanted Movements (tremor)
Buspirone
stimulates 5-HT1A receptors
GAD
Does not cause sedation, tolerance, or addiction
SSRI
Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, citalopram
inhibit 5-HT reuptake
used for everything
AA: sexual dysfunction serotonin syndrome GI SIADH
fluoxetine
SSRI
fluvoxamine
SSRI
Paroxetine
SSRI
Sertraline
SSRI
Escitalopram
SSRI
citalopram
SSRI
SNRI
venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, levomilnacipran, milnacipran
inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake
Depression, GAD, diabetic neuropathy,
AA: ↑ BP stimulant sedation nausea
venlafaxine
SNRI
social anxiety, panic disorder, PTSD, OCD
desvenlafaxine
SNRI
duloxetine
SNRI
levomilnacipran
SNRI
milnacipran
SNRI
TCAs
Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, despramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine
inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake
convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Tranylcyproamine, phenelzine, isocarboxazid, selegine
↑ levels of NE, 5-HT, and Dopamine
atypical depression, anxiety,
AA:
HTN crisis after tyramine ingestion
contraindicated with St. John’s wort
Amitriptyline
TCA
nortriptyline
TCA
imipramine
TCA
despramine
TCA
clomipramine
TCA
doxepin
TCA
amoxapine
TCA
Tranylcyproamine
MAO inhibitor
phenelzine
MAO inhibitor
isocarboxazid
MAO inhibitor
selegine
MAO inhibitor
Buproprion
inhibits NE and DA reuptake
atypical antidepressant
Mirtazapine
α2 antagonist
↑ NE and 5-HT
atypical antidepressant
Trazodone
inhibits 5-HT2, α1-adrenergic, and H1 receptors
used for insomnia
AA:
priapism (TrazzzzaBONE)
Varenicline
Smoking cessation
nicotinic ACh receptor agonist
Vilazodone
inhibits 5-HT reuptake
used for Major depression disorder
Methadone
opiate used for heroine detoxification
Buprenorphine
opiate (sublingual form) partial agonist to prevent relapse
naloxone
opioid antagonist that treats OD
Naltrexone
opioid antagonist
long acting oral
prevents relapse
Modafinil
narcolepsy tx
Ramelteon
Melatonin agonist
low risk tx for insomnia
Schizophreniform disorder
schizophrenia but only for 1-6 months
symptoms longer than 6 months is schizophrenia
Schizoaffective disorder
Psychotic symptoms (at least 2 weeks) without mania or depression
Alcohol withdrawl
tremors, seizures, tachycardia
Benzodiazepine withdrawl
tremors, seizures, tachycardia
heroine withdrawl
lacrimation, overactive bowel sounds
yawning, dilated pupils
