Psych Flashcards
Is there weight loss or gain in mild depression? Severe depression?
Mild: gain
Severe: loss
How do you handle when someone is having a delusion?
Tell them you accept that they need to believe it, but you don’t.
What are 5 interventions when someone is manic?
- Stay with client
- Weight daily
- Finger foods
- Set limits
- Provide activity and structured schedule
The patient focuses inward and create their own world. They have an inappropriate, flat, or blunted affect. Disorganized thoughts, echolalia, neologism, word salad, delusions, hallucinations, child like mannerisms, and jump from idea to idea.
Schizophrenia
What is the most common type of hallucination?
Auditory
What are 3 interventions for a patient with schizophrenia?
- Decrease stimuli
- Orient frequently
- Keep conversations reality based
What’s the number one intervention when someone is suicidal?
Provide safe environment
What are 2 interventions for someone in restraints?
- Check every 15 minutes (hydration, nutrition, elimination)
- Observe for 15 to 30 minutes or one-to-one if client cannot contract for safety
What are 5 interventions for the paranoid patient?
- Be reliable and honest
- No whispering
- ID medications
- Respect personal space
- Sealed foods
When does anxiety become a disorder?
When it interferes with day to day functioning
Can patients with depression have delusions or hallucinations?
Yes
Anxiety ______ performance at mild levels and _______ performance at high levels.
Increases; decreases
When a patient is highly anxious they need ________ instructions.
Step by step
What are 3 ways to treat generalized anxiety disorder (chronic anxiety)?
- Short term use of anxiolytics
- Relaxation techniques
- Journaling
Results from exposure to life-threatening events like severe trauma, natural disasters, and war. Relieve the experience through nightmares and flashbacks. They are emotionally numb, have difficulty with relationships, and isolate themselves.
PTSD
What are 3 ways to treat PTSD?
- Support groups
- Talk about the experience (don’t push it)
- Medications may be helpful
Recurrent thought
Obsession
Recurrent act
Compulsion
What are 3 ways to treat OCD?
- Time delay techniques
- Relationship techniques
- Medications - SSRI or TCAs
The patient uses dissociation as a coping mechanism to protect self from severe physical and/or psychological trauma. May see this in patients with history of physical or sexual abuse. They may have periods of time or events they can’t remember.
Dissociate disorders
multiple personalities
What are the 3 stages of withdrawal from alcohol?
1 - mild tremors, nervous, nausea
2 - increased tremors, hyperactive, nightmares, disorientation, hallucinations, increased pulse and BP
3 - most dangerous, severe hallucinations, grand mal seizures
What medication is given to deter recovering alcoholics from drinking?
Antabuse
What 4 medications are used in the detox protocol?
- Anxiolytics - Chlordiazepoxide (Librium); prevent DTs
- Thiamine injections
- Multivitamins
- Magnesium
What are 2 chronic problems of alcoholics?
- Korsakoff’s syndrome - disordered to time, confabulate)
- Wernicke’s syndrome - emotional labile, moody, tire easily
* Due to thiamine/niacin (vit B) deficiencies
What 2 electrolytes to alcoholics lose?
- Magnesium
- Potassium
Alcohol diuresis
What are 5 interventions for an anorexic patient?
- Increase weight gradually
- Monitor exercise routine
- Teach healthy eating and exercise
- Allow patient input into choosing health food items for meals
- Limit activity and decisions if weight is life threatening
What is usually the cause of bulimia?
Family problems
What are 3 interventions for a patient with bulimia?
- Sit with client at meals and observe for 1 hour after
- Allow 30 minutes for meals
- Take focus off the food
What are 5 interventions for someone with panic disorder?
- Stay 6 feet away
- Simple messages/words
- Teach that symptoms peak within 10 minutes
- Teach them to learn to stop the anxiety
- Relaxation techniques (journaling) - not during attack
What is the main way to treat a phobia?
Desensitization
Patients are intensely emotional, manipulation, and fear abandonment. They may abuse substances, be sexually promiscuous, depressed, or bulimic. They make suicidal gestures and self mutilate.
Personality disorder
Ex: borderline
What are 6 interventions for a patient with personality disorder?
- Improve self esteem
- Treat co-diagnoses (depression, eating disorders)
- Relaxation techniques
- Enforce rules and limits
- Don’t reinforce negative behavior
- Treat self-mutilation and suicide gestures in matter of fact way
