Psych 209: Chapter 5 Vocab Flashcards

Exam 2

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1
Q

Experiment

A

A research procedure in which some factor is varied, all else is held constant, and some result id measured

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2
Q

Independent Variable

A

The factor of interest to the researcher; it can be directly manipulated by the experimenter, or participants can be selected by virtue of their possessing certain attributes

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3
Q

Field Research

A

Research that occurs in any location other than a scientific laboratory

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4
Q

Field Experiments

A

An experiment that is conducted outside the laboratory; a narrower term than field research

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5
Q

Situational Variables

A

Type of independent variable in which subjects encounter different environmental circumstances

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6
Q

Task Variables

A

Type of independent variable in which participants are given different types of tasks to perform

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7
Q

Instructional Variables

A

Type of independent variable in which participants are given different sets of instructions about ow to perform

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8
Q

Experimental Group

A

In a study with an identified control group, the experimental group is given the treatment being tested

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9
Q

Control Group

A

A group not given a treatment that is being evaluated in a study; provides a means of comparison

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10
Q

Extraneous Variables

A

Any uncontrolled factor that is not of interest to the researcher but could affect the results

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11
Q

Confound

A

Any extraneous variable that covaries with the independent variable and could provide an alternative explanation of the results

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12
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Behavior measured as the outcome of an experiment

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13
Q

Ceiling Effect

A

Occurs when scores on two or more conditions are at or near the maximum possible for the scale being used, giving the impression that no differences exist between the conditions

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14
Q

Floor Effect

A

Occurs when scores on two or more conditions are at or near the minimum possible for the scale being used, giving the impression that no differences exist between the conditions

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15
Q

Subject Variables

A

A type of independent variable that is elected rather than manipulated by the experimenter; refers to an already existing attribute of the individuals chosen for the study

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16
Q

Statistical Conclusion Validity

A

Said to exist when the researcher uses statistical analysis properly and draws the appropriate conclusions from the analysis

17
Q

Construct Validity

A

In measurement, it occurs when the measure being used accurately assesses some hypothetical construct; also refers to whether the construct itself is valid; in research, refers to whether the operational definition used for independent and dependent variables are valid

18
Q

External Validity

A

The extent to which the findings of a study generalize to other populations, other settings, and other times

19
Q

Ecological Validity

A

Said to exist when research studies psychological phenomena in everyday situations

20
Q

Internal Validity

A

The extent to which a study if free from methodological flaws, especially confounding factors

21
Q

Subject Pool

A

Group of students asked to participate in research, typically as part of an introductory psychology course requirement; sometimes called a “participant pool”