Psych 209: Chapter 2 Vocab

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

A set of principles prescribing behaviors that are morally correct

Question 2

Critical Incidents

Answer 2

Method, used by ethics committees, that surveys psychologists and asks for examples of unethical behavior by psychologists

Question 3

Research Participants/Subjects

Answer 3

Any person who takes part in and contributes data to a research study in psychology

Question 4

Institutional Review Board (IRB)

Answer 4

University committee responsible for evaluating whether research proposals provide adequate protection of the rights of participants; must exist for any college or university receiving federal funds for research

Question 5

Risk

Answer 5

In the ethical decision making that goes into the planning of a study, refers to the chance that participating in research would have greater costs than benefits to the participants

Question 6

Informed Consent

Answer 6

The idea that persons should be given sufficient information about a study to make their decision to participate as a research subject an informed and voluntary one

Question 7

Deception

Answer 7

A research strategy in which participants are not told of all the details of an experiment at its outset; used for the purpose of avoiding demand characteristics

Question 8

Assent

Answer 8

To give assent is to say “yes”; in the SRCD code of ethics for research with children, refers to the willingness on the part of the child to participate in the study

Question 9

Debriefing

Answer 9

A post experimental session in which the experimenter explains the study’s purpose, reduces any discomfort felt by participants, and answers ant questions posed by participants

Question 10

Leakage

Answer 10

A tendency for people who have participated in a research study to inform future participants about the true purpose of the study

Question 11

Dehoaxing

Answer 11

That portions of the debriefing in which the true purpose of the study is explained to participants

Question 12

Desensitizing

Answer 12

That portion of debriefing in which the experimenter tries to reduce any distress felt by participants as a result of their research experience

Question 13

Confidentiality

Answer 13

In research ethics, an agreement on the part of the researcher not to divulge the identity of those participating in a research study.

Question 14

Plagiarism

Answer 14

Deliberately taking the ideas of someone and claiming them as one’s own

Question 15

Falsifying Data

Answer 15

Manufacturing or altering data to bring about a desired result