PSYCH 2030 WEEK 7 Flashcards
Impulse control disorders
Disorders in which a person acts on an irresistible, but potentially harmful impulse
Polysubstance use
Use of multiple mind-altering and behavior-altering substances, such as drugs
Psychoactive substances
Substances, such as drugs, that alter mood or behavior
Substance intoxication
Physiological reactions, such as impaired judgment and motor ability as well as mood changes, resulting from the ingestion of psychoactive substances
Substance use disorder
Defined in terms of how significantly the use of any substance interferes with the user’s life; use disrupts the user’s education, job, or relationships, and put him or her in physically dangerous situations
Physiological dependence
One symptom of substance use disorders; includes the use of increasingly greater amounts of the drug to experience the same effect (tolerance), and a negative physical response when the substance is no longer ingested (withdrawal)
Depressants
Psychoactive substances that result in behavioral sedation, including alcohol and the sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic drugs
Stimulants
Group of psychoactive substances that elevate mood, activity, and alertness, including amphetamines, caffeine, cocaine, and nicotine
Opioids
Family of addictive psychoactive substances that include natural opiates, synthetic variations (methadone, pethidine), and the comparable substances that occur naturally in the brain and that cause temporary euphoria and analgesia (pain reduction)
Opiates
Natural chemicals in the opium poppy that have a narcotic effect
Hallucinogens
Any psychoactive substances such as LSD or marijuana that can produce delusions, hallucinations, paranoia, and altered sensory perception
Alcohol related disorders
Cognitive, biological, and behavioral, and social problems associated with alcohol use and misuse
Gamma aminobutyric acid system
Inhibitory neurotransmitter system that is thought to be associated with excessive anxiety
Withdrawal delirium / delirium tremens
Frightening hallucinations and body tremors that result when a heavy drinker withdrawal from alcohol
Fetal alcohol spectrum syndrome
Patterns of problems including learning difficulties, behavior deficits, and characteristic physical flaws, resulting from heavy drinking by the victim’s mother when she was pregnant with the victim
Barbiturates
Sedative drugs including Amytal, Seconal, and Nembutal that are used as sleep aids
Benzodiazepines
Anti-anxiety drugs, including Valium, Xanax, Dalmane, and Halcion, also used to treat insomnia. Effective against anxiety, they have some side effects, such as some cognitive and motor impairment and may result in dependence and addiction. Relapse rates are extremely high when the drug is discontinued
Amphetamines
stimulants that speed up the body’s system
Tobacco related disorders
Cognitive, biological, behavioral, and social problems associated with the use and misuse of nicotine
Opioid related disorders
Cognitive, biological, behavioral and social problems associated with the use and misuse of opiates and their synthetic variants
Agonist substitution
Replacement of a drug on which a person is dependent with one having a similar chemical makeup, an agonist. Used as a treatment for substance dependence
LSD
LSD belongs to a group of drugs known as psychedelics. When small doses are taken, it can produce mild changes in perception, mood and thought.
Harm reduction
Approach to substance misuse prevention and treatment that seeks to minimize the harm associated with substance use as its primary goal
Antagonist Drugs
Medications that block or counteract the effects of psychoactive drugs
Controlled Drinking
Extremely controversial treatment approach to alcohol dependence in people experiencing severely problematic misuse are taught to drink in moderation
Relapse Prevention
Extending therapeutic progress by teaching the client how to cope with future troubling situations
Gambling Disorder
Condition in which individuals are unable to resist the urge to gamble, which results in negative personal consequences
Intermittent explosive disorder
Episodes during which a person acts on aggressive impulses that result in serious assaults or destruction of property
Kleptomania
Recurrent failure to resist urges to steal things not needed for personal use or their monetary value
Pyromania
Impulse control disorder that involves having an irresistible urge to set fires
