PSYCH 2030 WEEK 3 Flashcards
Clinical Assessment
measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors to see if they might have a mental health issue.
Reliability
Degree to which a measurement is consistent - for example, over time or among different raters
Validity
Degree to which a technique actually measures what its suppose to
Standardization
Making sure we measure things the same way every time, using clear rules and guidelines.
Mental Status Exam
A Mental Status Exam is a basic test done at the beginning of a meeting with a client to check how they’re thinking and feeling. It looks at things like their ability to understand what’s going on, know where they are and what time it is, and how they’re feeling emotionally and mentally. It’s usually one of the first things done when meeting with a practitioner
A simple test to see how someone is thinking and feeling at the start of a meeting.
Behavioural Assessment
Watching and keeping track of how someone acts and feels in real situations.
Self-monitoring
Action by which clients observe and record their own behaviours as either an assessment of a problem and its change or treatment procedure that makes them more aware of their responses. Also called self-observation
Projective tests
a personality test in which subjects are shown ambiguous (open to many interpretations) images and asked to interpret them.
Personality Inventories
a self-assessment method, often a standardized questionnaire, that reveals insights into an individual’s character
Intelligence quotient
Score on an intelligence test, abbreviated IQ, estimating a person’s deviation from average test performance
Neuropsychological Testing
Assessment of brain and nervous system functioning by testing an individual’s performance on behavioural tasks
False Positives
Assessment error in which pathology is reported (test result positive) when none is actually present
False Negatives
Assessment error in which no pathology is noted (test result negative) when it is actually present
Neuroimaging
Using computers to look inside the brain without surgery.
Psychophysiological Assessment
Measuring changes in the body that show how someone feels emotionally.
Electroencephalogram
Measure of electrical activity patterns in the brain taken through electrodes placed on the scalp
Classification
Putting things into groups based on what they have in common.
Taxonomy
A system for naming and sorting things in science.
Nosology
A system for naming and sorting medical and psychological issues.
Nomenclature
The actual names given to different psychological issues.
Classical Categorical Approach
Sorting disorders based on clear differences between them.
Dimensional Approach
The Dimensional Approach categorizes characteristics along a spectrum or continuum instead of in binary terms. It focuses on understanding variations in traits or behaviors rather than viewing them as either present or absent.
focuses on the extent to which a person has a disorder
Sorting characteristics on a spectrum instead of as present or absent.
Prototypical Approach
Using key traits and variations to classify disorders.
An example of the Prototypical Approach is in diagnosing depression. While certain symptoms like persistent sadness and loss of interest are essential for diagnosis, variations exist in other symptoms such as appetite changes or sleep disturbances among individuals with depression.
Comorbidity
Presence of two or more disorders in an individual at the same time
