Psych Flashcards
Gender dysphoria requires how many months of persistent incongruence?
> =6 months
What muscle weakness does Trendelenburg sign indicate?
Gluteal muscle of the contralateral side to hip drop
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis results in what position of leg?
Externally rotated foot - due to decreased abduction and internal rotation
Quadriceps and gluteus muscle disuse –> atrophy
Which direction is the femoral head in SCFE?
Femoral head (epiphysis) posteriorly displaced from metaphysis
ADHD is diagnosed when symptoms of impaired concentration are present before what age?
12 yo
How is Tourette syndrome treated?
Habit reversal training
Antidopaminergic:
Tetrabenazine - dopamine depleter (vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor)
Antipsychotics (receptor blockers) - 2nd gen (risperidone, aripiprazole)
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (clonidine, guanfacine)
What is reactive attachment disorder?
When normal emotional bonding to primary caregiver is interrupted by inconsistent or inadequate care
Do not seek reassurance or respond to comfort, lack of positive emotions, unexpected irritability or aggression
May also have toileting and sleep difficulties
What is disinhibited social engagement disorder?
Similar to reactive attachment disorder in being result of severe neglect or abuse, but children display overfamiliarity instead of being emotionally distant
What are the broad clinical features of autism?
Social deficits: difficulty sharing emotions/interests, communication skills (absence of joint attention - spontaneous attempt to share interests with others by eye gazing and pointing), difficulty developing/understanding relationships
Restricted, repetitive behaviors: repetitive movements (hand-flapping) or speech, insistence on sameness/routines, intense fixated interests, adverse responses to sensory input (foods, textures)
+/- Language delay (without an attempt to compensate through nonverbal means) and cognitive impairment
How do antihistamines, alpha-adrenergics, and dextromethorphan cause psychosis sometimes in children?
Antihistamines - anticholinergic properties
Alpha-adrenergics - sympathomimetics
Dextromethorphan - NMDA antagonist
What is a glue-sniffer rash?
Perioral dermatitis that extends around mouth/nose and involves nasolabial folds - due to inhalant use and hydrocarbon drying effect
Inhalant use symptoms (acute vs chronic)
Acute:
Neurologic - tremor, disorientation, hallucinations, headache
GI
Cardiovascular, respiratory, psych
Chronic:
Anorexia, weight loss
Peripheral neuropathy (decreased reflexes), cognitive impairment, cerebellar dysfunction
What are the signs of Reye syndrome?
Altered mental state, seizures, coma
Hepatic failure, vomiting
Occurs after viral illness over, risk increased by salicylates
What is atomoxetine?
Non-stimulant used for treatment of ADHD
What is exposure and response prevention?
OCD treatment - a type of CBT
