PSYC 2015 Ch 14.1 Concepts of Mental Illness Flashcards

1
Q

family resemblance view (of mental disorder)

A

in studies of categorization, the idea that a set of instances may form a category or give rise to a concept even though there is no single attribute common to all the instances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

demonic model

A

view of mental disorder in which behaving oddly, hearing voices, or talking to oneself was attributed to evil spirits infesting the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

medical model

A

view of mental disorder as a result of a physical disorder requiring medical treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

asylum

A

institution for people with mental disorders created in the 15th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phillippe Pinel (1745-1826)

A

French physician; a pioneer of modern psychiatry; contributions: moral treatment ; classification of mental illness; clinical trials (one of the first large-scale trials in psychiatry); diagnosis (concept); abandonment of inhumane practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dorothea Dix (1802-1887)

A

American educator, social reformer, and humanitarian; creation of state hospitals for the mentally ill; training and staffing of personnel to deal with mentally ill patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Moral treatment

A

approach to mental disorder calling for dignity, kindness, and respect for those with mental disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

A

antipsychotic; 1950s; use leads to deinstitutionalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

culture bound

A

describing attitudes, practices, or behaviors that are the products of a particular culture and that are not widely found in other cultures; certain conditions are specific to certain societies (Kleinmann, 1988; Simon & Hughes, 1986)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

body integrity identity disorder (BIID)

A

a rare disorder characterized by a person’s belief that their body is marred by the presence of a particular (although healthy) body part, usually an arm or leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

social contagion

A

the spread of behaviors, attitudes, and affect through crowds and other types of social aggregates from one member to another. Early analyses of social contagion suggested that it resulted from the heightened suggestibility of members and likened the process to the spread of contagious diseases. Subsequent studies suggest that social contagion is sustained by relatively mundane interpersonal processes, such as imitation, conformity, universality, and mimicry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Jane Murphy (1976)

A

psychiatric epidemiologist and professor; pioneered promoting population mental health research; universality: Yorubas and Inuits had conceptions of schizophrenia, alcoholism, and psychopathic personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DSM

A

diagnostic system containing the APA criteria for mental disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD)

A

a classification system for all health conditions, including mental and behavioral disorders, that is used globally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

prevalence

A

percentage of people within a population who have a specific mental disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  • research Domain Criteria (RDoC):
A

a recently launched program of research designed to classify mental disorders in terms of deficits in brain circuitry

17
Q

comorbidity

A

co-occurrence of two or more diagnoses within the same person

18
Q

categorical model (of psychopathology)

A

model in which a mental normal differ from normal functioning in kind rather than degree

19
Q
  • dimensional model (of psychopathology):
A

model in which a mental disorder differs from normal functioning in degree rather than kind

20
Q
  • HiTOP
A

an innovative dimensional approach to classification

21
Q
  • criminal commitment
A

sending criminals to jail

22
Q
A
23
Q
  • insanity defense
A

legal defense proposing that people shouldn’t be held legally responsible for their actions if they weren’t of “sound mind” when committing them

24
Q
A
25
Q
A
26
Q
A
27
Q
A
28
Q
  • involuntary commitment
A

procedure of placing some people with mental disorders in a psychiatric hospital or another facility based on their potential danger to themselves or other or their inability to care for themselves

29
Q

Robins and Guze

A
30
Q

deinstitutionalization

A

the governmental policy of the 1960s and 1970s that focused on releasing hospitalized psychiatric patients into the community and closing mental hospitals