PSY2001 SEMESTER 1 - WEEK 5

Question 1

define affiliation

Answer 1

act of associating and interacting with one or more individuals

Question 2

what does affiliations not indicate

Answer 2

length, affective tones, quality of interaction

Question 3

what is affiliation driven by?

Answer 3

need to feel sense of involvement and belonging in social group (fundamental social behaviour)
evolutionary perspective= need to affiliate to improve survival chances

Question 4

what are the 4 reasons for affiliation, in multidimensional model of affiliation (Hill, 1987)

Answer 4

positive stimulation
emotional support
social comparison
receive attention

Question 5

outline positive stimulation as one of 4 reasons for affiliation, in multidimensional model of affiliation (Hill, 1987)

Answer 5

interaction enjoyable and biased to rate other people positively, expect other as rewarding
similar area of brain activated in social reward

Question 6

outline emotional support as one of 4 reasons for affiliation, in multidimensional model of affiliation (Hill, 1987)

Answer 6

when situations are stressful, fearful, uncertain
gain support, sympathy, compassion, nurturance

Question 7

outline social comparison as 1 of 4 reasons for affiliation, in multidimensional model of affiliation (Hill, 1987)

Answer 7

obtain info, reduce uncertainty
provide guidance for correct response

Question 8

outline receive attention as 1 of 4 reasons for affiliation, in multidimensional model of affiliation (Hill, 1987)

Answer 8

desires to be held in high regard and praise

Question 9

outline social affiliation model (intrapersonal difference)

Answer 9

seek to maintain optimal level of social contact (differ in preferred interactive level)
homeostasis principle (deviation from preferred level, adjust behaviour to return)
episode of solitude= seek out opportunity for affiliation
high contact= withdraw, affiliating less
can adjust beforehand

Question 10

give a weakness of social affiliation model

Answer 10

doesn’t attempt to explain why external circumstance, not past/expected interaction motivates us to seek/avoid affiliation

Question 11

name the biological explanation for interpersonal differences in affiliation

Answer 11

brain imaging research=
social interaction produce more CNS arousal in introvert>extroverts
may avoid social interactions to prevent arousal reach uncomfortable level

Question 12

define interpersonal difference

Answer 12

differences between people in extent to which typically need to affiliate compared to others

Question 13

define intrapersonal difference

Answer 13

an individuals desire to be with others fluctuate over time, in different context

Question 14

outline cultural explanation of interpersonal differences for affiliation

Answer 14

more individualistic culture means more members desired affiliation

Question 15

when can proximity and familiarity (interpersonal differences) promote or limit affiliations

Answer 15

regular contact is impactful
can undermine attraction and desire to affiliate if other is socially unpleasant, exessive contact means boredom, repeated exposure means reveal has less in common

Question 17

name nonsocial associations to achieve goals

Answer 17

interaction purely for gaining something

Question 18

name social associations to achieve goals

Answer 18

only satisfied by other people

Question 19

what did Schachter conclude on what affiliations are used for

Answer 19

to evaluate own reaction, attaining state of cognitive clarity

Question 20

when do we prefer waiting with other (Schachter research)

Answer 20

wait with others unless they were not receiving shock
primary goal to obtain social comparison info to access own impending shock reactions

Question 21

what are differences between first and second born for waiting, parental support etc

Answer 21

first born prefer to wait with others when afraid (faster, more consistent parental support)
more likely to use psychotherapy but 2nd born uses alcohol abuse

Question 22

name factors that promote affiliation in others

Answer 22

immediacy behaviour (open, friendly, interested)
highly motivated to seek interaction shows more immediacy behaviours
induce others to affiliate by prompt them to talk on self (attentive expressions, seem comfortable, agreeable, giving sense of enjoying interaction)
back channel response (vocal utterances of attentiveness)