PSY CHP.15

Question 1

Abnormality is inextricably attached to cultural blank, expectations and blank

Answer 1

norms/laws

Question 2

Thomas Blank
-Wrote The Blank of Mental Blank
-Argued that the mental disorder classification system is an attempt by society to control those who are different
-Criticized blank model as turning people into passive patients instead of active controllers of their own lives

Answer 2

Szasz/myth/illness/medical

Question 3

Dia and Sta Ma of Mental Dis
-The standard reference manual for disorder diagnosis and classification

Answer 3

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders

Question 4

Criticisms of the DSM
-Number of disorder blank with each new edition
-Providing classifications may lead to blank
●Particularly a concern with newer blank approach and blank syndromes

Answer 4

increases/overdiagnosis/dimensional/risk

Question 5

Criticisms of the DSM
Give an illusion of blank
●Still subject to individual judgement
●Still subject to cultural norms
●Subject to circumvention

Answer 5

objectivity

Question 6

Blank Disorder
-An anxiety disorder in which a person experiences recurring panic attacks, feelings of impending doom or death, accompanied by physiological symptoms such as rapid breathing and dizziness

Answer 6

Panic

Question 7

Blank
- An exaggerated, unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity, or object

Answer 7

Phobias

Question 8

Blank
- A set of phobias, often set off by a panic attack, involving the basic fear of being away from a safe place or person

Answer 8

Agoraphobia

Question 9

Post-Blank Stress Disorder
- When a person who has experienced traumatic events
has symptoms such as numbing, reliving of trauma,
detachment, relationship challenges, self-destructive
behaviors
* Military service
* Sexual abuse
* 9/11
* First responders
– Symptoms last longer than 6 months

Answer 9

Traumatic

Question 10

• Blank-Compulsive Disorder
  – Person feels trapped in repetitive, persistent
  thoughts (blank) and repetitive, ritualized
  behaviors (blank) designed to reduce
  anxiety
  – Person understands that the ritual behavior is
  senseless but guilt and anxiety increase if not
  performed
  – Often tied into cleanliness vs. contamination

Answer 10

Obsessive/obsession/compulsion

Question 11

• Major Blank Disorder
  – A mood disorder involving:
• Disturbances in emotion (excessive sadness),
• Behavior (loss of interest in one’s usual activities)
• Cognition (thoughts of hopelessness)
• Body function (fatigue and loss of appetite)
  – Affects about twice as many women as men
  – Also Blank Depressive Disorder, which is more
  chronic, but may have lower severity of symptoms

Answer 11

Depressive/Persistent

Question 12

• Theories of depression
  – B - genetics and brain chemistry
  – S - the stressful circumstances of people’s lives
  – A - problems with close relationships.
  – C – negative / maladaptive habits of thinking
  or interpreting events (e.g. l.h)
• Blank-Stress model draws on all of these
  – Person has an underlying biological vulnerability,
  which is then triggered by stressors in the
  environment

Answer 12

Biological/Social/Attachment/Cognitive/learned helplessness/Diathesis

Question 13

*Blank Disorder
– A mood disorder in which a person alternates between episodes of depression and blank(excessive euphoria)
– Driven primarily by brain chemistry

Answer 13

Bipolar/mania

Question 14

Blank Disorders
* Rigid, maladaptive patterns that cause personal
distress or an inability to get along with others

Answer 14

Personality

Question 15

Personality Disorders
*Blank Personality Disorder
– A disorder characterized by an exaggerated sense of
self-importance and self-absorption
* Blank Personality Disorder
– A disorder characterized by habitually unreasonable
and excessive suspiciousness and jealousy

Answer 15

Narcissistic/Paranoid(편집증)

Question 16

Personality Disorders
*Blank Personality Disorder
– Intense but unstable relationships, fear of
abandonment, unrealistic self-image, emotional
volatility, self-destructive behavior
– Controversial because of loose diagnostic criteria,
possible overdiagnosis

Answer 16

Borderline

Question 17

Personality Disorders
* Blank Personality Disorder
– A disorder characterized by antisocial behavior such as lying,
stealing, manipulating others, and sometimes violence; and a
lack of guilt, shame and empathy

Answer 17

Antisocial

Question 18

Blank Identity Disorder
* Used to be called Multiple Blank Disorder
* Disorder marked by the appearance within one person
of two or more distinct personalities, each with its own
name and traits
* Often has roots in intense childhood sexual abuse
– The identity splits (blank) in order to repress or
confine the memory to one identity, while other
identities remain happy and oblivious

Answer 18

Dissociative/Personality/dissociates

Question 19

Dissociative Identity Disorder
* DID is a highly controversial disorder
– Debate over the name – personality vs. identity
– Blank explanation
* Disorder is not an actual fragmenting of the identity or
multiple personalities, but is simply an extreme
manifestation of the different roles we all hold
– Diagnosis rates have skyrocketed
* Media hype?
* Improved diagnostic criteria or overzealous therapists?
– Abusing suggestibility
– Rewarding patients by giving them an ‘out’ for bad
behavior
– Rewarding patients with a great deal of attention

Answer 19

Sociocognitive

Question 20

Schizophrenia
* A group of psychotic disorders marked by positive and
negative symptoms that indicate a distorted perception of
reality
–Blank symptoms – something abnormal is present
* Delusions, hallucinations, incoherent speech,
inappropriate behavior
–Blank symptoms – something normal is absent
* Lack of affect, loss of motivation, social withdrawal
* May be grouped to form an overall state of blank

Answer 20

Positive/Negative/catatonia

Question 21

Schizophrenia
* Blank
– False beliefs that often accompany schizophrenia
and other psychotic disorders
* Blank
– Sensory experiences that occur in the absence of
actual stimulation

Answer 21

Delusions/Hallucinations

Question 22

Theories of Schizophrenia(정신분열증)
*Blank-stress model
– Environmental stressors can trigger physical vulnerabilities
– Vulnerability may be genetic
* Strong correlations in twin studies
– Vulnerability may be a brain abnormality
* Research suggests prenatal neural differences
*Blank pruning in adolescence may trigger early
episodes
– Vulnerability in neurotransmitter levels
* Blank – can affect movement and emotion
* Blank – major excitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 22

Diathesis(어떤 병에 걸리기 쉬운) 소질/Synaptic/Dopamine/Gluatamate

Question 23

Blank personality disorder has a completely different meaning. Blank personality disorder is characterized chiefly by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood, as well as marked impulsivity

Answer 23

borderline

Question 24

By far, the most well-known dissociative disorder is dissociative blanks disorder(formerly called multiple
personality disorder). People with dissociative blank disorder exhibit two or more separate personalities or
identities, each well-defined and distinct from one another.

Answer 24

identity

Question 25

Deblank/derealization disorder is characterized by recurring episodes of depersonalization, derealization, or both. Depersonalization is defined as feelings of “unreality or detachment from, or unfamiliarity with, one’s whole self or from aspects of the self

Answer 25

Depersonalization

Question 26

The memory impairments are not caused by ordinary forgetting. Some individuals with dissociative amnesia will also experience dissociative blank, whereby they suddenly wander away from their home, experience confusion about their identity, and sometimes even adopt a new identity.

Answer 26

fugue

Question 27

Brain imaging studies reveal that people with schizophrenia(정신분열증) have enlarged blank, the cavities(구멍) within the brain that contain cerebral spinal fluid

Answer 27

ventricles(속이 빈)

Question 28

The blank hypothesis of schizophrenia proposed that an overabundance of dopamine or too many dopamine receptors are responsible for the onset and maintenance of schizophrenia.

Answer 28

dopamine

Question 29

Blank behaviors, which show decreased reactivity to the environment, such as posturing, in which the person maintains a rigid and bizarre posture for long periods of time, or catatonic stupor, a complete lack of movement and verbal behavior.

Answer 29

catatonic

Question 30

blank delusion, which is the belief that something highly abnormal is happening to one’s body (e.g., that one’s kidneys are being eaten by cockroaches).

Answer 30

somatic

Question 31

blank delusions, beliefs that one holds special power, unique knowledge, or is extremely important.

Answer 31

grandiose

Question 32

Blank is the repetitive and passive focus on the fact that one is depressed and dwelling on depressed symptoms, rather that distracting one’s self from the symptoms or attempting to address them in an active, problem-solving manner.

Answer 32

Rumination

Question 33

Blank disorder(commonly known asmanic depression) often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania; that is, the person’s mood is said to alternate from one emotional extreme to the other (in contrast to unipolar, which indicates a persistently sad mood).

Answer 33

bipolar

Question 34

blank cortex(Kopell & Greenberg, 2008), an area of the frontal lobe involved in learning and decision-making

Answer 34

orbitofrontal

Question 35

blank disorder cannot bear to part with personal possessions, regardless of how valueless or useless these possessions are.

Answer 35

hoarding

Question 36

obsessive-blank disorder (OCD)experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted (obsessions) and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions).

Answer 36

compulsive

Question 37

l.c may play a role in this disorder. Located in the brainstem, the locus coeruleus is the brain’s major source of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter that triggers the body’s fight-or-flight response.

Answer 37

locus coeruleus

Question 38

blank, is listed in the DSM-5 as a separate anxiety disorder. Agoraphobia, which literally means “fear of the marketplace,” is characterized by intense fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations in which it might be difficult to escape or receive help if one experiences symptoms of a panic attack

Answer 38

agoraphobia

Question 39

Although a number of classification systems have been developed over time, the one that is used by most mental health professionals in the United States is the D and S M of M D (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association (2013).

Answer 39

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)