Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Question 1

what are some unique traits of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Answer 1

produce colorful pigment
bright yellow ( fluorescin)
Blue (Pyocyanin)

fruity odor
produce biofilm

Question 2

Describe the LPS of P. Aeruginosa

Answer 2

less permeable compared to other gram negative enterobactereae

Question 3

Signature virulence factor of P. Aeruginosa

Answer 3

SLIME LAYER (Alginate)
Exotoxin A
Exotoxin S
Flagella

Question 4

Define Exotoxin A

Answer 4

Inactivates eukaryotic elongation factor EF-2 and ADP-Ribosylation (ADPR)

Inhibition of protein synthesis

invasion and destruction

Question 5

Define the virulence factor Exotoxin (S) in pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Answer 5

acts on G protein affects cytoskeleton in signaling pathway to induce cell apoptosis

Question 6

the disruption and arrest to shut down protein synthesis

leading to cell death

Answer 6

G protein activated

ADP-ribosylation

acts on G protein and disrupts protein syntehsis

Question 7

Classification of Pseudomonas

Answer 7

Gram negative
ROD
motile (flagella)
Oxidase positive

produce colorful pigments
fruity odor

Question 8

Immunocompromised patients highest incident of mortality and morbidity

Answer 8

Cystic Fibrosis
Leukemia
extensive burns

Cystic Fibrosis: inherited defect of chloride ion channel receptors causes accumulation of mucus in respiratory system: P. Aeruginosa colonizes the area and is almost imposible to eradicate

Question 9

Pathogenesis
Pseudomonas Key words

Answer 9

first line break
wounds
contaminated solutions
intratracheal tube

Question 10

Elastase

attacks places with elastin
a weapon that pseudomonas possess

Answer 10

a weapon that this bacteria have; attacks sites with elastin; the lungs or blood vessels

Hemorrhage in blood vessels is usually a hallmark of pseudomonas infection

Question 11

P. Aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
1. why do psuedomonas attack these patients ?
2. Biofilm role in affecting CF patients?
3. most unique presence of strains with multiple gene mutations is a result of the overproduction of what type of polymer ?

Answer 11

1. CF: defect in chloride ion channel; overloads the body with mucus; Pseudomonas likes to adhere//attach colonize these areas
2. The biofilm protects pseudomonas and makes it easier to attach/adhere to the mucus area
3. Alginate (biofilm formation)

Mutants over produce alginate polymer
(forming biofilms around the bacteria0

Question 12

Biofilm
is formed via ( sensing)

Answer 12

mucoid extrapolysaccharide that protects the bacteria. This slime layer is created by the secretion ALGINATE. Mutants over produce this molecule, making them more stronger and resistant to their environment

(Quorum sensing is involved in biofilm formation)

Question 13

P. Aeruginosa is a rapid destructive disease. One of the most common infection starts from

Answer 13

wounds
compound fractures
nail punctures

Rapid destructive disease particulary in patients with granulocytopenia

Question 14

State of infection (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa) in Cystic fibrosis patients

Answer 14

Chronic infection
alternates between state of colonization and more overt. bronchitis and pneumonia

A serious leading cause of death in CF patients
pneumonia is aggressive in CF patients

Question 15

Ecthyma gangrenosum

Answer 15

black necrotic ulcers results from direct invasion of blood vessel walls

Question 16

ABX complexity

this organism is very resistant

Answer 16

most resistant organism:
primarily due to the porins that restrict their entry to periplasmic space.

Resistant to:
PCN
Ampicillin
Cephalothin
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
Sulfonamides
(earlier aminoglycosides)

Question 17

Newer ABX active to most strain of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Answer 17

Gentamycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Carbapenems
3rd gen. Cephalosporins
monobactams

Cipro for UTI (pseudomonas infection)

Question 18

How to detect Pseudomonas in lab ?

Answer 18

Blood agar

or in eosinmethylthionine (blue -agar