Bordetella Gram Negative

Question 1

Important properties of Bordetella

Answer 1

Pertussis
“whoopng” cough
1. coccobacilli
2. gram negative ROD

Question 2

Pathogenesis and Epidemiology

1. Bordetella pertussis is a pathogen for who ?
2. How is bordetella transmitted ?
3. what is the proces of infection

Answer 2

1. Humans
2. airborne droplets
3. attach to ciliated epithelilum of upper respiratory tract, BUT do not invade the underlying tissue

Question 3

1. what is the most important part of it’s pathogenesis mechanism ?
2. What is the importance of the filamentous pili involved in Bordetella pertussis ?

Answer 3

1. bordetella pertussis attacks ciliated epithelial cells, and paralyzes them and causes subsequent cila cell death.
2. attachment of the organsim to the cilia of the epithelial cells is mediated by **PILI (filamentous hemmagultinin) **

Antibody AGAINST the pili (hemagglutinin) ihibits attachment and protects against disease

Question 4

Prevention
Vaccine

The vaccine is given combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTaP)

Answer 4

Acellular vaccine
(purified proteins from the organism)
Killed vaccine (inactivated B. pertussis)

1. Inactivated toxoid
2. filamentous hemagglutinin

Main immunogen: inactivated pertussis toxoid
D-TaP. DTap vaccines
KEY WORD:

Question 5

**VIRULENCE FACTOR **
**Pertussis Toxin: **
sitmulaDisables (G protein)
Define
1. ADP ribosylation mechanism
2. what effects does it have hematologically ?

Understand the concept of Bordetella infection mechanism cellular level

Answer 5

1. the pertussis toxin stimulates adenylate cyclase by catalyzing the addition of adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADP- ribosylation) to the inhibitory unit of the G protein complex

Prolonged stimulation of AC (adenylate Cyclase) causes edema of the respiratory mucosa

2. rise in LYMPHOCYTES

The results in “prolonged” stimulation of AC and consistent rise of cAMP RESULTS in EDEMA !!!

Question 6

Pertussis Toxin

Answer 6

**stimulated AC **
disabled Gi (G protein)
increased cAMP
cause: Tracheal cytotoxin

important concept: stimulated Adenylate Cyclase

Question 7

Three clinical stages of Bordetella Pertussis

Answer 7

Catarrhal
Paroxymal
Convalacent

Question 8

Treatment ABX

Answer 8

Macrolides

if allergic use TMP-SMX

Question 9

Key words for Bordetella Pertussis name 5 of them

Answer 9

1. whooping cough
2. 100 day cough
3. lymphocytosis
4. three stages

Catarrhal
Paroxymal
Convalescent

Question 10

none ABX treatment

Answer 10

neonates/ infants
important suction of mucus especially during paroxymal stage

oxygen therapy

Question 11

DTaP vaccine

when ?
how many times ?
who needs it ?

Answer 11

1st beginning at 2 mos of age
2nd Booster 12 to 15 mos
3rd before entering school

babies (immunizations)
teens (boosters)
adults (booster)
pregnant (Anti ppertussis IgG pertussis will protect the fetus)

note: vaccine induced immunity is not 100 percent protective