PSA misc Flashcards
what blood thinners to be avoided in pregnancy ?
DOACs
(apixiban, edoxiban)
what drug combination makes up tazocin ? so keep in mind if patient has what allergy ?
- piperacillin with tazobactam
(so beware if patient has penicillin allergy)
what opiates to be used in renal dysfunction ? (3)
Fentanyl, alfentanil and buprenorphine
name a contraindication to tramadol ?
epilepsy (lowers seizure threshold)
what antibiotics is contraindicated with methotrexate use ?
Trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole
- Potentially fatal interaction (due to severe bone marrow suppression) between MTX and trimethoprim. Interaction also applies to co-trimoxazole
how often is methotrexate prescribed ? what is prescribed alongside it ?
methotrexate is always taken weekly
- folic acid taken on a different day
what are the 6 rights of medicine administration ?
- right patient
- right medicine
- right route
- right dose
- right time
- right to refuse
when is a second check required for drug administration ?
- controlled drugs
- injectables (the prep of drugs for parenteral administration should be double checked)
- medicine given under section 62 of MHA
when should an SSRi be administered ?
in the morning
- not at night as can affect sleep
when should aledronic acid be taken ?
- Take alendronic acid first thing in the morning, before you have anything to eat or drink and before you take any other medicines.
- Stay sitting or standing for 30 minutes so the medicine does not irritate your food pipe
when should levothyroxine be taken ?
once a day in the morning, ideally at least 30 minutes before having breakfast or a drink containing caffeine, like tea or coffee
when should a statin be taken ?
before going to bed
name some medications where timing of administration is important ? (4)
- antimicrobials
- insulin
- nitrates (need to have at least 8 hrs nitrate free)
- meds for Parkinson’s disease
where in the bnf can you find info for what dilutant should be used for an IV drug
directions for administration
name some indications for the use of warfarin ?
- after prosthetic heart valve insertion
- prophylaxis of embolisation in RHD and AF
- prophylaxis and treatment of VTE + PE when DOAC not appropriate
- TIA
what is target INR for DVT and AF ?
2-3 (2.5)
name some warfarin inducers (reduced warfarin effect)
- carbamazepine
- rifampicin
- phenytoin
- azathioprine
- st johns wort
give some examples of warfarin inhibitors (warfarin increased effect)
- amiodarone
- clarythromycein
- SSRI
- fluconazole
- omeprazole
what type of drug is warfarin ?
Vitamin K antagonist
(Inhibits vitamin K dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX,X)
what type of drug is apixiban ?
Direct factor Xa inhibitor
why type of drug is Dabigatran ?
thrombin inhibitor
what type of drug is morhpine ?
mu opioid receptor agonist
how is morphine excreted ?
really excreted - can accumulate in renal impairment
- need to know renal function and weight
in what presentations are opioids contraindicated ? (3)
- acute abdomen
- respiratory depression
- head injury