PS-6 vocab Flashcards
kinetic energy
the energy of motion that depends on the mass and speed of the object
potential energy
the energy of position or shape
mechanical energy
he total energy of motion and position of an object
energy transformation
a change from one form of energy to another
Law of Conservation of energy
the law that states that energy is neither crated not destroyed
energy resource
a natural resource that can be converted by humans into other forms of energy in order to do useful work
nonrenewable resource
resources a natural resource that cannot be replaced or that can be replaced over thousands or millions of years
fossil fuels
nonrenewable energy resources that form in the earth’s crust over millions of years from the buried remains of once living organisms
renewable resources
a natural resource that can be used and replaces over and relatively short period of time
temperature
a measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
thermal expansion
the increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature
absolute zero
the lowest possible temperature and theoretical point were all molecule motion stops (0K=-273Celsius)
heat
the transfer of energy between two objects that are different temperatures, energy is always transferred from objects with higher temperatures to objects with lower temperatures until thermal equilibrium is reached
thermal energy
the total energy of the particles that make up an object
conduction
the transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another through direct contact
convection
the transfer of thermal energy by movement of liquid or gas
radiation
the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves such as visible light and infrared waves. this type of transfer does not need matter to transfer thermal energy
change of state
the conversion of one state of matter to another state of matter
chemical energy
the energy of a compound that changed as its atoms rearrange to form a new compound
electrical energy
the energy of electrical charges. the movement of electrons
radiant energy
the energy produced by the vibration of electrically charged particles
nuclear energy
the form of energy associated with changes in the nucleus of an atom
wind energy
energy cause by the sun’s uneven heating of the Earth’s surface which creates currents of air
hydroelectric energy
electrical energy produced from falling water
sound energy
the energy caused by an object’s vibrations, a form of mechanical energy
energy
the ability to do work
