Protozoa

Question 1

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Transmitted by Tsetse fly; shows antigenic variation

Answer 1

Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense)

Question 2

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Transmitted by Anopheles mosquito

Answer 2

Plasmodium

Question 3

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Transmitted by Reduviid bug

Answer 3

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 4

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Transmitted by cysts in meat or cat feces

Answer 4

Toxoplasma

Question 5

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Transmitted by sandfly

Answer 5

Leishmania

Question 6

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Obligate intracellular parasite; cysts on acid-fast stain

Answer 6

Cryptosporidium

Question 7

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Maltese “X” cross shape

Answer 7

Babesia

Question 8

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Pear-shaped, binucleate, flagellated trophozoite

Answer 8

Giardia lamblia

Question 9

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Blood smear shows trophozoites and schizonts

Answer 9

Plasmodium

Question 10

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Macrophages containing amastigotes

Answer 10

Leishmania donovani

Question 11

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Megacolon, megaesophagus, and cardiomegaly (with apical atrophy)

Answer 11

Trypanosoma cruzii (Chagas disease)—nifurtimox

Question 12

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Cyclic fever, headache, anemia, and splenomegaly

Answer 12

Plasmodium—chloroquine for erythrocyte forms and primaquine for latent forms (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale)

Question 13

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Chloroquine-resistant malaria

Answer 13

Plasmodium falciparum—mefloquine or quinine and pyramethamine/sulfadoxine

Question 14

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Bloody diarrhea with “flask-shaped” ulcers, liver abscesses, and trophozoites in stool

Answer 14

Entamoeba histolytica—metronidazole and iodoquinol

Question 15

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Black fever or “kala-azar”

Answer 15

Leishmania donovani—sodium stibogluconate (pentavalent antimony)

Question 16

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Severe, watery diarrhea in AIDS patient

Answer 16

Cryptosporidium—supportive (hydration, improve immune status)

Question 17

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Flatulence, bloating, and foul-smelling diarrhea

Answer 17

Giardia lamblia—metronidazole

Question 18

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

African sleeping sickness

Answer 18

Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense)—suramin (acutely) or melarsoprol (for CNS symptoms)

Question 19

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Encephalitis with brain abscesses in immunocompromised host; congenital defects

Answer 19

Toxoplasma gondii—pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine or clindamycin

Question 20

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Vaginitis with foul-smelling, frothy discharge

Answer 20

Trichomonas vaginalis—metronidazole

Question 21

For each of the following clinical findings, name the associated protozoan and the treatment:

Fever and hemolytic anemia after Ixodes tick bite

Answer 21

Babesia sp.—quinine and clindamycin

Question 22

Why are many Africans resistant to P. vivax infection?

Answer 22

They carry sickle cell trait and/or they lack antigens Duffy a and b on RBCs.

Question 23

What causes the cyclic symptoms in malaria?

Answer 23

Immune response to burst RBCs that release merozoites

Question 24

Name the protozoan associated with each of the following statements:

Transmitted by Tsetse fly; shows antigenic variation

Answer 24

Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense)