PROTEINS Flashcards
Protein from greek word …
Proteis meaning “first rank of importance”
Proteins are synthesized in the …
Liver by the hepatocytes
Proteins are synthesized in the liver except
Immunoglobulins
Proteins provide how many percent of total daily body energy requirements
12-20%
Proteins are how many percent of the cell’s dry weight
50-70%
It is the linear sequence of the amino acid
Primary structure
It determines the identity of protein, and molecular structure …
Primary structure
It involves the winding of the polypeptide chain
Secondary structure
It is the actual 3-dimensional configuration; the folding pattern of the protein
Tertiary structure
Responsible for many of the physical and chemical properties of the proteins
Tertiary structure
It is the association of 2 or more polypeptide chains to form a functional protein molecule
Quaternary structure
They contain peptide chains which on hydrolysis yield only amino acids
Simple proteins
Composed of protein and a non-protein moiety
Conjugated proteins
It is when a protein catabolism exceeds anabolism
Negative nitrogen balance
It is when a protein anabolism exceeds catabolism
Positive nitrogen balance
It migrates ahead of albumin
Prealbumin (transthyretin)
Prealbumin transports …
T4 and Retinol (Vitamin A)
It is the protein with the highest concentration in plasma
Albumin
A general transport protein
Albumin
Albumin is a type of what reactant phase
Negative acute phase reactant
The reference value of Albumin
3.5-5.0 g/dL
It is a group of proteins consists of a1, a2, B, and Y fractions
Globulins
It is a major inhibitor of protease activity - prevents self-destruction of tissue
a1-antitrypsin
It is synthesized initially by the fetal yolk sac and then by the fetal parenchymal cells of the liver
a1-fetoprotein
Decreased a1-fetoprotein is associated with
Down syndrome and Trisomy 18
It binds with heme released by the degradation of hemoglobin
Hemopexin
It binds free hemoglobin by its a-chain
Haptoglobin
It is a copper-binding a2-glycoprotein that has enzymatic activities
Ceruloplasmin
It is the largest major nonimmunoglobulin protein in plasma
a2-macroglobulin
It is found on the surface of most nucleated cells
B2-microglobulin
It is needed in the production of CD8 cells
B2-microglobulin
It transports iron to its storage sites
Transferrin (siderophilin)
It is synthesized in the plasma cells
Immunoglobulins
It binds with proteins and lipids forming LDL, HDL, VLDL
Lipoprotein
It is one of the largest proteins in the blood and most abundant of the coagulation factor
Fibrinogen
It is one of the natural defence mechanisms that protects the human body from infection
Complement
It is a member of the pentraxin family and a neonatal screening for sepsis
C-reactive protein
It is a potential nephrotoxic
Myoglobin
It binds to the thin filaments of cardiac muscles
Troponins
These are regulators of actin and myosin
Troponins
It is only found in the myocardium
Troponin I
It is an early indicator of glomerular dysfunction
Microalbuminuria
It
