Proteins Flashcards
What are proteins usually?
Very large molecules.
What is the difference between carbohydrates and lipids, and proteins in organisms?
There are few carbohydrates and lipids in organisms and they are all very similar, where as there are many proteins in organisms and they all differ.
What differs from protein to protein?
It’s shape.
What group of proteins are involved in every living process?
Enzymes.
What are amino acids?
Basic monomer units which combine to make a polymer called a polypeptide.
What do polypeptides combine to form?
Proteins.
How many different amino acids can occur in proteins?
20
What central element is in every amino acid?
Carbon.
What four things are attached to a central carbon in an amino acid?
An amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom and an R group.
Which group gives the amino acid the acid part of its name?
The carboxyl group.
Which group give the amino acid the amino part of its name?
The amino group.
What is different in every amino acid?
The R group.
What is the R group made of?
A variety of different chemical groups.
What is the molecular formula of an amino group?
NH,2
What is the molecular formula for a carboxyl group?
COOH
What can two amino acid monomers combine to form?
A dipeptide.
What reaction is the formation of a peptide bond?
Condensation reaction.
What is a condensation reaction?
The making of bonds by the removal of water.
Where is water formed from amino acids?
An OH from the carboxyl group and H from the amino group from another amino acid.