protein synthesis

Question 1

beadle and tatum

Answer 1

proposed one gene to one enzyme

Question 2

central dogma

Answer 2

DNA-> RNA-> Protein

Question 3

A site

Answer 3

binds the tRNA carrying the next amino acid to attach to the growing chain

Question 4

P site

Answer 4

binds the tRNA attached to the growing peptide chain

Question 5

E site

Answer 5

binds the tRNA that carried the last amino acid

Question 6

Transcription Initiation

Answer 6

RNA polymerase identifies where to begin transcription

Question 7

Transcription elongation

Answer 7

RNA nucleotides are added to the 3’ end of the new RNA

Question 8

transcription termination

Answer 8

RNA pole detaches from DNA after transcript is made

Question 9

translation intiation

Answer 9

mRNA, tRNA, amino acid, and ribosome come together

Question 10

translation elongation

Answer 10

tRNAs bring amino acids and add them to proceeding amino acids

Question 11

translation termination

Answer 11

ribosome encounters a stop codon and releases polypeptide

Question 12

point mutation

Answer 12

alters a single base

Question 13

nonsense mutation

Answer 13

adds a stop codon

Question 14

frameshift mutation

Answer 14

caused by insertion or deletion of a single base

Question 15

messenger RNA

Answer 15

carries the information from DNA that encodes proteins

Question 16

ribosomal RNA

Answer 16

a structural component of the ribosome

Question 17

transfer RNA

Answer 17

carries amino acids to the ribosome for translation

Question 18

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

Answer 18

add amino acids to the acceptor arm of tRNA