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Bio 183 > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

light dependent reactions occur in

A

thylakoid

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2
Q

carbon fixation reactions occur in

A

semi-liquid space in chloroplasts

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3
Q

photosynthesis in

A

6 CO2 and 12 H2O

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4
Q

photosynthesis out

A

sugar (glucose), 6 H2O, and 6O2

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5
Q

light dependent reactions make

A

ATP and reduce NADP plus to NADPH

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6
Q

carbon fixation reactions use

A

ATP and NADPH to synthesize organic molecules from CO2

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7
Q

thylakoid membrane

A

internal membrane arranged in flattened sacs

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8
Q

grana

A

stacks of thylakoid membranes

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9
Q

stroma

A

semiliquid substances surrounding thylakoid membrane

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10
Q

stroma are

A

pores under leaves that have guard cells that open to let CO2 in and O2 out

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11
Q

vascular bundles

A

method for transporting water and nutrients

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12
Q

primary photosynthetic pigment

A

chlorophyll A

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13
Q

chlorophyll A

A

absorbs violet-blue and red lights

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14
Q

chlorophyll B

A

increases range of light wavelengths that can be used in photosynthesis

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15
Q

carotenoids

A

act as antioxidants or photoreceptors

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16
Q

4 stages of light dependent reactions

A
  1. primary photo event
  2. charge separation
  3. electron transport
  4. chemosis
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17
Q

primary photo event

A

a photon of light is captured by a pigment molecule

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18
Q

charge separation

A

an excited electron is transferred to an acceptor molecule

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19
Q

electron transport

A

electrons move through carriers to reduce NADP plus

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20
Q

chemosis

A

produce ATP

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21
Q

light dependent reactions start with

A

sun and water

22
Q

light dependent reactions end with

A

NADPH (electron carrier) and ATP

23
Q

in chloroplasts, 2 linked photosystems are used in

A

non-cyclic photophosphorylation

24
Q

photosystem 1

A

reaction center pigment with a peak absorption at 700 nm

25
Q

photosystem 2

A

reaction center with a peak absorption at 680 nm

26
Q

photosystem 2 acts first and is a

A

light capturing enzyme complex that contains chlorophyll pigments

27
Q

photosystem 2 uses

A

electrons from the splitting of water

28
Q

photosystem 1 receives energy from

A

an antenna complex

29
Q

in photosystem 1

A

excited electrons are transferred to a membrane-bound electron carrier to be used to reduce NADP to NADPH

30
Q

ATP is produced via

A

chemiosmosis

31
Q

in chemiosmosis

A

protons move into the stroma only through ATP synthase and use the hydrogen ion gradient to move from inside the thylakoid out to the stroma

32
Q

when plant is undergoing non cyclic photophosphorylation,

A

it is producing equal amounts of NAD and ATP

33
Q

cyclic photophosphorylation is to produce

A

sugar

34
Q

to produce sugar using cyclic photophosphorylation

A

it needs more ATP then NADPH

35
Q

to build carbs using carbon fixation reactions, cells need

A
  • energy (ATP from light dependent reactions)
  • reduction potential (NADPH from photosystem 1)
36
Q

calvin cycle substrate

A

NAD, ATP, CO2

37
Q

Calvin cycle

A

biochemical pathway that allows for carbon fixation

38
Q

calvin cycle occurs

A

in the stroma

39
Q

calvin cycle energy sources

A

ATP and NADPH

40
Q

carbon fixation

A

the incorporation of CO2 into organic molecules

41
Q

carbon fixation in calvin cycle

A

RuBP and CO2 into 2 PGA

42
Q

reduction in calvin cycle

A

RGA reduced to G3P

43
Q

regeneration of RuBP in calvin cycle

A

G3P used to regenerate RuBP

44
Q

calvin cycle reaction is catalyzed by

A

rubisco

45
Q

each molecule of PGA requires

A

1 ATP and 1 NADPH

46
Q

calvin cycle end product

A
  • 12 molecules G3P
47
Q

with 12 molecules of G3P

A
  • 2 used for sugar
  • 10 recycled to regenerate RuBP
48
Q

to make sugar you need

A
  • 18 ATP molecules
  • 12 NADPH molecules
49
Q

rubisco enzymatic activities

A
  • carboxylation
  • photorespiration
50
Q

carboxylation

A

addition of CO2 to RuBP

51
Q

photorespiration

A

oxidation of RuBP by the addition of CO2

Bio 183 (12 decks)

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