Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Translation and protein synthesis
Peptide bond is a problem because….
it is thermodynamically unfavourable. It also produces water in a water-concentrated environment
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Protein that catalyses tRNA bind to the correct amino acid and make it favourable
The binding of amino acid and tRNA requires….
ATP, which releases 2 phosphate to create a strong bond
Aminoacyl-tRNA means…
amino acid haver tRNA
2 components of rRNA
large subunit (A/P/E)
small subunit (support)
A-site (Aminoacyl)
first tRNA entrance into the rRNA to bind with RNA
P-site (Peptidyl)
Amino acid binds to the polypeptide chain and passes it on to the next tRNA in A-site
E-site (Exit)
Exit site for tRNA with no amino acid
Peptidyl transferase
enzyme component of the ribosome that transfers the activated amino acids from tRNA to the growing peptide chain
Release factor
In response to the stop codon, a protein enters instead and translation stops
During termination, peptidyl transferase…
adds water instead of amino acid to release the polypeptide
4 stages of protein
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Polypeptide is the (….) structure of protein
primary
Secondary structure contains…..
alpha helix, beta sheets and hydrogen bonds
Tertiary structure have….
disulphide bridge, hydrogen bonds, ionic bond and a polypeptide backbone. Used to create the 3d structure of protein
