Protein requirments Flashcards
What does the ACSM guidelines(2016) recommend for protein?
1.2 to 2.0 g/kg/d
How many amino acids are there?
20 in total
9 Essential
11 Non-Essential
Protein make up how much body mass (%)
13 – 15% of body mass
At whole body level approximately what is protein turnover?
300g per day
Protein turnover rate in tissues
• Muscle % per day?
• Liver % per day?
Muscle 1.15% per day
• Liver 12.1% per day
Protein Quality
The biological value (BV) of a protein food is determined by its content of EAAs.
biological value is the proportion of absorbed protein retained in the body.
What are the two groups proteins are composed into?
An amino group and a carboxyl group
Nitrogen Balance
Nitrogen balance exists when nitrogen intake (protein) equals nitrogen excretion
NB=Nt -Nu -Nf -Ns =0
- Nt = total nitrogen intake from food
- Nu = nitrogen in urine
- Nf = nitrogen in faeces
- Ns = nitrogen in sweat
Protein metabolism
https: //www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFMMhgtE0d8
1. 00-1.35
What are the functions of protein?
Make-up of Structures:
e.g. collagen, keratin in nails and hair.
Transport of substances across cell membranes
Hormones to allow chemical signals. Contraction using muscle fibres. Enzymes: catalyse cellular reactions
What does gluconeogenesis mean?
Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
What’s the difference between Essential & Non-essential Amino Acids?
Essential
Cannot be synthesised in the body and they must be provided in the diet to maintain balance.
Non-essential amino acids
Can be synthesised in the body from metabolic intermediates by means of transamination as long as there is adequate nutrition.
What is protein synthesis?
The main contribution of dietary protein is to supply amino acids to various anabolic processes.
What are catabolic reactions?
break down molecules and release energy
What is anabolic reaction?
constructs and consumes energy
