Fat Metabolism Flashcards
What are the roles of Triacylglycerols and fatty acids?
Structural Element
• In all cell membranes
Energy
• 9 kcal per gram
Insulation
• reduces heat loss
Protection
• of internal organs
Transport carriers
• of fat soluble vitamins (i.e. A, D, E and K)
What do fat chains consist of?
chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms, with a carboxylic acid group at one end) bonded to a backbone structure, often glycerol
What chains do saturated fat consist of?
Carry maximum number of hydrogen atoms
(carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen
What are the 2 unsaturated fats?
Monounsaturated
Polyunsaturated
What chain does Monounsaturated consist of?
One double bond with a neighbouring carbon
What chain does
Polyunsaturated consist of?
More than one double bond
What does omega 3 help with?
Helps support visual and cognitive development
– Most abundant in brain and retina
– Regulates cell activity and cardiovascular function
What does omega 6 help with?
Supports brain development
– Stimulation of growth
– Maintenance of skin and hair growth
What does vitamin A help with?
vision
reproduction
bone health
immune function,
skin
What does vitamin D help with?
Strengthens bones
calcium absorption
immune system
What does vitamin E help with?
Immune system
flushes toxins
What does vitamin K help with?
Blood clotting
bone health
What are the 4 fat soluble vitamins?
A
D
E
K
What are Lipoproteins?
•In order for cholesterol to travel through blood, it must attach itself to small fat-carrying proteins called lipoproteins.
The greater density of the Lipoprotein the more cholestrol
. Following Beta Oxidation what do fatty acids form?
Acetyl co-A
Acetyl co-A enters which cycle?
Krebs cycle
What does the RER of 0.71 burn?
100% fat burn aerobic.
What does 0.85 burn?
Carbohydrates & Fat
– Aerobic
What does 1.00 burn?
100% Carbohydrates
– Anaerobic
What prevents Fat metabolism?
When blood glucose increases =
insulin increases, which will ‘block’ the fatty acid metabolism.
Delivery of fatty acid to tissue is suppressed.
Therefore, switch to CHO metabolism.
What are the main fuels used in exercise?
Carbohydrate (CHO) and fatty acids
Approximately what is the crossover point between CHO
and Fat oxidation
50% VO2max
What does training increase?
Training increases aerobic capacity
Training increases fat metabolism as RER is reduced
What does bitter orange stimulate?
Thought to activates beta oxidation & appetite
suppression
