Protein Metabolism Flashcards
The large bacterial ribosomal subunit is ______, and consists of ____ rRNA, ____ rRNA and 36 proteins
50S, 23S, 5S
Eukaryotic ribosomes carry an extra _____ rRNA subunit in the ________ subunit
5S, large subunit
There are _____ codons in the genetic code, that code for _____ amino acids, and ____ different stop codons
64, 20, 3
Any insertion or deletion that is not 3n or a multiple of 3 will cause?
Frame shift mutation
Inside in the 5’ anticodon position can recognize which codons in tRNA?
A, U, C
Anticodon U in the 5’ position can recognize which codons of tRNA?
A, G
Anticodon G in 5’ position can recognize what codons of tRNA?
C, U
Misses mutations cause the codon to code for?
Another amino acid
Nonsense mutation results in?
Stop codon = protein termination
Activation of amino acid takes place _________ tRNA is charged
Before
The first amino acid incorporated is usually? How is it usually found in bacteria?
Methionine, usually formylated in bacteria
The Shine-Delgarno sequence makes connection between _____________ and _______ ___________, as well as ______ and _________
Bacterial mRNA and small ribosomal subunit, start codon and P-site
What is the role of EF-Tu?
Direct charged tRNA to the A-site for protein elongation at the expense of hydrolysis of one high energy phosphate bond
What does recycling if EF-Tu mean?
Charged with GTP with the help of Ts protein (replaces GDP with GTP)
Formation of the peptide bond in bacteria is catalyzed by ____ rRNA and by ____ rRNA in eukaryotes
23S, 28S
In protein elongation, 4 high-energy bonds are consumed from?
2 from 1 ATP molecule, and 2 from 2 GTP molecules
Resistance to erythromycin is mediated by plasmid-borne RNA methylase that?
Methylates a specific A-site in the 23S rRNA
Hsp70 chaperone is working ______________, while Hsp60 uses a _______________
Co-translationally, folding chamber
Hydroxylated proline is an important constituent of _________________
Fibrillar collagen molecules
Addition of fatty acids to amino terminals or cysteine groups do what?
Anchor proteins to membranes
Ubiquination usually occurs on _____________ and means?
Lysine residues, sent to proteasome for degradation
Misfortune of proteins results in?
Conversion of all secondary structures into beta sheets which stack above one another
The small ribosomal subunit is ______, and consists of ______ rRNA and 21 proteins
30S, 16S
