Protein in Health & Disease

Question 1

Protein ____ largest component lean

body tissue

Answer 1

2nd

Question 2

What % of body weight protein is nitrogen?

Answer 2

16%

Question 3

In amino acids what is the nitrogen bound to?

Answer 3

Carbon

Question 4

How many grams of protein per day fo adults typically make and degrade?

Answer 4

250g

Question 5

What is the RNI for sedentary adults?

Answer 5

0.75 g/kg/day

AMDR: 10 – 35% daily intake

Question 6

Endurance athletes require how much protein?

Answer 6

1.2 – 1.4 g day

Question 7

Strength power athletes require how much protein?

Answer 7

1.6 – 1.8 g day

Question 8

What determines protein quality by measuring animal growth?

Answer 8

Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER)

Question 9

What is the biological value?

Answer 9

a measure of the percentage of the protein that is incorporated into
the proteins of the human body

Question 10

Name some items that score 1 on the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS)

Answer 10

Casein
Whey
Egg
Soy Protein

Question 11

Name 1 of the 3 concerns for Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS)

Answer 11

▪ 1) the validity of the preschool-age child amino acid requirement
values

▪ 2) the validity of correction for faecal instead of ileal digestibility

▪ 3) the truncation of PDCAAS values to 100%

Question 12

Do infants under the age of 14 require more or less protein than adults?

Answer 12

More

0 – 6 m - 2 g/kg/d
6 m – 7 y - 1.6 g/kg/d
7 – 14 y - 1 g/kg/d

Question 13

Between the ages or 30-75 years what % of lean body mass do we lose?

Answer 13

20-25%

Question 14

In burns patients how much higher are protein oxidation rates?

Answer 14

50%

Question 15

What are the protein needs for burn victims?

Answer 15

~1.5 to 2.0 grams/kg

Question 16

High–carbohydrate, high protein, low–fat diets result in less ______ and more
improvement in lean body mass.

Answer 16

proteolysis

Question 17

What are some reasons that meat increases cancer?

Answer 17

• Haem forms N-nitroso compounds in
  gut – damages gut lining
• Processed meat contains chemicals
  that generate N-nitroso compounds
  e.g. nitrite preserves
• Cooking meat at high temp creates
  chemicals in meat that can increase
  cancer risk

Question 18

Does the science show that excess protein causes kidney function in healthy inderviduals?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

Why are proteins vital for life?

Answer 19

Because of the amino acids and nitrogen they provide