Epidemiology the basics of different study designs

Question 1

What is an Exposure and Cross-sectional study?

Answer 1

+ The investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the study participants at the same time.
+ This is a 1-time measurement of exposure.

Question 2

What does a correlation mean?

Answer 2

A correlation only means that two events co-exist more than ordinary chance.

Question 3

Correlation does not imply causation, true or false?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

what is a case control study?

Answer 4

It is a type of observational study.

Question 5

What is a cohort?

Answer 5

A whole group of people. Usually, 80-100, exists until the last person exists

Question 6

What is a strength of a cohort study?

Answer 6

The main strength is its longitudinal nature.

Question 7

When performing a case-control study, what is important when recruiting participants?

Answer 7

They need to be the same study base? E.g same gender, age, background. Also if you know there is a genetic marker you might want to include it.

Question 8

What is the WHO definition of health?

Answer 8

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease and infirmity

Question 9

What is a randomised control trail?

Answer 9

Two or more groups are compared. One or more groups receive the treatment and there is a control group. Randomisation is very important.