Protein Function Regulation

Question 1

Isoenzymes

Answer 1

Different structure same effect

Question 2

Sigmoidal

Answer 2

Multiple sub units
Cooperative binding
2 states

Question 3

Phosphorylation

Answer 3

Adds two negative charges
Bigger molecule
H bonds

Question 4

Emphysema

Answer 4

Alpha 1 antitrypsin inhibits trypsin
So elastase no activated
Elastic recoil

Question 5

Clotting cascade

Answer 5

Factor x

Prothrombin - thrombin

Fibrinogen - fibrin

Question 6

Kringle

Answer 6

Keep inactive form

Question 7

Gla domain

Answer 7

Post translational modification
N terminal
Negative
Attracts clotting factors

Question 8

Fribrinogen

Answer 8

2 sets of alpha beta and gamma N terminus
By disulphide binds
3 globular domains linked

Activated thrombin cleave alpha and beta fibrinogen peptides from centre

C terminal can bind N terminal

Fibrin clot

Thrombin activates protransglutaminase

Question 9

Protransglutaminase

Answer 9

Transglutaminase cleaves alpha beta fibrinopeptides of fibrin therefore form clot

Question 10

Haemophilia

Answer 10

Defect in factor VII
Less serine protease activity
Less clotting

Question 11

Fibrinolysis

Answer 11

Fibrin to fibrin fragments using plasmin activated from plasminogen

Activated by tissue plasminogen activator - protease

Streptokinase