PROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACIDS Flashcards
what is the monomer of protein
amino acids
are made up of amino acids combined
through a dehydration link called a peptide bond.
Proteins
Proteins are made up of amino acids combined
through a dehydration link called a
peptide bond
four elements in protein
Carbon,
Hydrogen,Oxygen, and Nitrogen
5 examples of protein and their functions
- keratin
- fibroin/silk protein
- collagen
- enzymes
- myoglobin
found in hair, skin, and nails.
Keratin
found in silk.
Fibroin / Silk protein
has a smooth and soft texture
Silk
It is one of the strongest natural fibers that have high resistance to deformation.
Fibroin / Silk protein
It is also a good insulating material.
Fibroin / Silk protein
major insoluble fibrous
protein found in connective tissues
such as tendons, ligaments, skin,
cartilage and the cornea of the eye.
Collagen
-comprises as much as 30% of
proteins in animals.
Collagen
how many percent of proteins in animals
30%
what are the 5 connective tissues that has collagen
- tendons
- ligaments
- skin
- cartilage
- cornea of the eye
function to catalyze chemical reactions.
Enzymes
-either speed up a reaction, lower the needed energy for a
reaction to take place, or bind substances to their specific
partners.
Enzymes
3 Examples of enzymes
- lipase
- pepsin
- sucrase
help in digestion of fats
Lipase
help in breaking down proteins into peptides
(smaller units)
Pepsin
also called invertase; help in the digestion of
sugars and starches
Sucrase
are polypeptide that stores
oxygen in muscles. It contains a heme
group which has an iron where the
oxygen is stored.
myoglobin
are also known as polynucleotides
nucleic acids
nucleic acids monomers are —
nucleotides
their essential role in the storage, transfer, and
expression of genetic information.
Nucleic acids
discovered by Swiss physician named Friedrich
Miescher in 1868.
Nucleic acids
-He was puzzled that an unknown substance in
white blood cells did not resemble
carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids.
Friedrich Miescher
who is th swiss physician that discovered nucleic acids
Friedrich Miescher
-He was able to isolate the substance from the
nucleus and initially called it nuclein.
Friedrich Miescher
-He eventually was able to break down nuclein
into protein and nucleic acids.
Friedrich Miescher
isolate the substance from the
nucleus and initially called
nuclein
they are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
nucleic acids
2 examples of nucleic acids are
DNA and RNA
it involves the genetic materials
Nucleic Acids
what does DNA mean
(deoxyribonucleic acid)
are nucleic acid that carries the genetic code of organisms.and the blueprint of life.
DNA
carries the information
from the DNA to the cellular factories for the
synthesis of proteins.
RNA
what does RNA mean
(ribonucleic acid)
Three parts of nucleotide:
- Nitrogenous base
- Five-carbon carbohydrate or
sugar - Phosphate group
