PROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACIDS Flashcards

1
Q

what is the monomer of protein

A

amino acids

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2
Q

are made up of amino acids combined
through a dehydration link called a peptide bond.

A

Proteins

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3
Q

Proteins are made up of amino acids combined
through a dehydration link called a

A

peptide bond

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4
Q

four elements in protein

A

Carbon,
Hydrogen,Oxygen, and Nitrogen

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5
Q

5 examples of protein and their functions

A
  • keratin
  • fibroin/silk protein
  • collagen
  • enzymes
  • myoglobin
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6
Q

found in hair, skin, and nails.

A

Keratin

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7
Q

found in silk.

A

Fibroin / Silk protein

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8
Q

has a smooth and soft texture

A

Silk

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9
Q

It is one of the strongest natural fibers that have high resistance to deformation.

A

Fibroin / Silk protein

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10
Q

It is also a good insulating material.

A

Fibroin / Silk protein

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11
Q

major insoluble fibrous
protein found in connective tissues
such as tendons, ligaments, skin,
cartilage and the cornea of the eye.

A

Collagen

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12
Q

-comprises as much as 30% of
proteins in animals.

A

Collagen

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13
Q

how many percent of proteins in animals

A

30%

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14
Q

what are the 5 connective tissues that has collagen

A
  • tendons
  • ligaments
  • skin
  • cartilage
  • cornea of the eye
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15
Q

function to catalyze chemical reactions.

A

Enzymes

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16
Q

-either speed up a reaction, lower the needed energy for a
reaction to take place, or bind substances to their specific
partners.

17
Q

3 Examples of enzymes

A
  • lipase
  • pepsin
  • sucrase
18
Q

help in digestion of fats

19
Q

help in breaking down proteins into peptides
(smaller units)

20
Q

also called invertase; help in the digestion of
sugars and starches

21
Q

are polypeptide that stores
oxygen in muscles. It contains a heme
group which has an iron where the
oxygen is stored.

22
Q

are also known as polynucleotides

A

nucleic acids

23
Q

nucleic acids monomers are —

A

nucleotides

24
Q

their essential role in the storage, transfer, and
expression of genetic information.

A

Nucleic acids

25
discovered by Swiss physician named Friedrich Miescher in 1868.
Nucleic acids
26
-He was puzzled that an unknown substance in white blood cells did not resemble carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids.
Friedrich Miescher
27
who is th swiss physician that discovered nucleic acids
Friedrich Miescher
28
-He was able to isolate the substance from the nucleus and initially called it nuclein.
Friedrich Miescher
29
-He eventually was able to break down nuclein into protein and nucleic acids.
Friedrich Miescher
30
isolate the substance from the nucleus and initially called
nuclein
31
they are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
nucleic acids
32
2 examples of nucleic acids are
DNA and RNA
33
it involves the genetic materials
Nucleic Acids
34
what does DNA mean
(deoxyribonucleic acid)
35
are nucleic acid that carries the genetic code of organisms.and the blueprint of life.
DNA
36
carries the information from the DNA to the cellular factories for the synthesis of proteins.
RNA
37
what does RNA mean
(ribonucleic acid)
38
Three parts of nucleotide:
1. Nitrogenous base 2. Five-carbon carbohydrate or sugar 3. Phosphate group