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ZOO LEC > BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES > Flashcards

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES Flashcards

1
Q

are
large, organic molecule such as
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
and nucleic acids

A

Biological macromolecules

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2
Q

have a huge variety
of functions, such as storing
energy, protection

A

Biomolecules

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3
Q

simplest form of carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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4
Q

a molecule that can react with other molecule to form very large molecules orpolymers

A

Monomer

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5
Q

short chain of amino acid monomer link by peptide bonds

A

peptide

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6
Q

special chemical messengers that are created in the endocrine gland

A

Hormones

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7
Q

organic compounds that combined to form proteins

A

Amino Acids

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8
Q

Made up of three components, nitrogen-containing base, five-carbon sugar, and aphosphate group

A

Nucleotide

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9
Q

what are three components nucleotide

A

nitrogen-containing base, five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group

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10
Q

contain glycerol, two-fatty acids, and a phosphate group

A

Phopholipids

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11
Q

it is -Classified either simple or complex sugar.

A

Carbohydrates

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12
Q

it is the maiin source of energy

A

Carbohydrates

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13
Q

contains carbon and hydrate

A

carbohydrates

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14
Q

it other term is saccharide

A

carbohydrates

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15
Q

how many saccharides does a simple sugar have?

A

1 saccharide (monosaccharide)

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16
Q

3 examplesof monosaccharides

A

glucose
galactase
fructose

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17
Q

it is used in dextrose, blood sugar, the
form utilized by the human body

A

GLUCOSE

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18
Q

it is used in milk and milk products

A

GALACTOSE

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19
Q

it is used in found in fruits and honey

A

FRUCTOSE

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20
Q

3 kinds of sugar that is a dissacharide

A

SUCROSE
LACTOSE
MALTOSE

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21
Q

table sugar is an example of what kind of dissacharide?

A

sucrose

22
Q

glucose + fructose

A

TABLE SUGAR (SUCROSE)

23
Q

MILK SUGAR is an example of what kind of dissacharide?

A

LACTOSE

24
Q

glucose + galactose

A

MILK SUGAR OR LACTOSE

25
Q

MALT/BEER SUGAR is an example of what kind of dissacharide?

A

MALTOSE

26
Q

glucoe + glucose

A

MALT/BEER SUGAR OR MALTOSE

27
Q

what do you call a saccharide that are multiple?

A

polysaccharides

28
Q

2 saccharide storage form of glucose in plants

A

starch/amylose and amylipectin

29
Q

storage form of glucose animal; stored in the liver and muscles

A

glycogen

30
Q

structural material in plants – cell wall in wood, wood fiber cannot be digested by humans

A

cellulose

31
Q

4 classification of lipids or fats

A

triglyceride
phospholipid
wax
steroid

32
Q

solid triglyceride usually from animal sources such as meat, milk, butter, margarine, egges, and cheese

A

fat

33
Q

liquid triglycerides from plant sources

A

oil

34
Q

examples are olive oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, and soybean oil

A

oil

35
Q

these are mostly unsaturated fatty acids

A

oil

36
Q

eating too many especially unhealthy fats such
as saturated fats and trans fats can lead to heart
disease, cancer, and obesity.

A

lipids or fats

37
Q

functions are material for cell
membrane, insulation to maintain body
temperature, aid in digestion, and as signal
molecules.

A

Lipids

38
Q

what is the monomer of lipids

A

fatty acids

39
Q

they are soluble (dissolve) in oil but are insoluble
(don’t dissolve) in water.

A

lipids

40
Q

their function is for long-term storage of energy in the body

A

Lipids

41
Q

2 classes of lipids

A

saturated fats
unsaturated fats

42
Q

-have two carbons attached to each carbon
(except the one at the end).

A

Saturated fats

43
Q

are
unhealthy fats like butter.

A

Saturated fats

44
Q

are missing at least one
hydrogen and are curl in shape.

A

Unsaturated fats

45
Q

are healthy, and include oils.

A

Unsaturated fats

46
Q

are the most common
examples of lipids.

A

Fat and oil

47
Q

they are
composed of glycerol and three
fatty acids.

A

Fat and oil

48
Q

Composed of four elements: Carbon,
Hydrogen,Oxygen, and Nitrogen

A

PROTEIN

49
Q

what are the 4 elements in protein

A

Carbon,
Hydrogen,Oxygen, and Nitrogen

50
Q

what is the monomer of protein

A

Amino acid

51
Q

are made up of amino acids combined
through a dehydration link called a peptide bond.

A

Proteins

ZOO LEC (6 decks)

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