Prostate Pathology Flashcards
What are the common pathologies of the prostate
Cysts
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Prostatits
Prostate carcinoma
Enlarged seminal vesicles
Stones in seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts
Seminal vesicle cysts can be ____or ____
Congenital or acquired
When are congenital cysts seen during the greatest repro activity
2nd & 3rd decades of life
Acquired cysts are most often seen in
Elderly age
Prostate gland enlargment (Increased number of cells)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
BPH is hyperplasia of the
Periurethral gland
BPH is usually originating in the
Transitional zone
BPH is most commonly in
Males >50
What are the symptoms of an enlarged prostate
Intermittent flow of urine
Difficulty controlling urine
Frequent urination
Weak flow urine
Pain or burn sensation when urinating
Problems achieving or maintaining an erection
Presence of blood in urine or semen
Pain in lower back, upper thigh or hips
What is the sonographic appearance of BPH
Hypoechoic to peripheral zone
What are the treatments for BPH
Surigical approaches
Prostate resection (Dilated urine filled prostatic urethra)
What is prostatitis
Inflammatory process of the prostate
In prostatitis color Doppler may show
Increased blood flow
What are the symptoms of prostatitis
Asymptomatic
Frequent urintion
Difficult urinating
Pain/burn during urination
Chills/Fever
Chronic infectious prostatitis (Frequent bladder infections)
Prostatitis is considered chronic if it lasts more than
3 months
Second most common cause of death in men over 50
Carcinoma of the prostate
What is the sonographic appearance of a carcinoma of the prostate
Usually starts in peripheral zone
Increased vascularity
What are the symptoms of the carcinoma of the prostate
Urinary problems
What are the risk factors of a carcinoma of the prostate
Men with high plasma testosterone levels
How do you diagnose a carcinoma of the prostate
Transabdominal & transrectal U/S
PSA (Prostatic specific antigen)
Biopsy
What are the symptoms of a carcinoma of the prostate that has spread
Pain in back, hip, thigh, shoulder, bones
Swelling or edema in legs & feet
Weight loss
Fatigue
Change in bowel
Male and female urinary catheterization is a direct drainage of the
Urinary bladder
What are the 2 reasons for a urinary catheterization
Diagnostic purposes
Theraputically
What ways can a catheter be placed
In-and-out procedure:
Left indwelling:
Left in with self-retaining device
Long-term drainage for patients with chronic urinary retention
