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Reproductive Sonography > Prostate A&P > Flashcards

Prostate A&P Flashcards

1
Q

What is the prostate gland

A

Walnut-sized gland between bladder and penis

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2
Q

The prostate is what kind of organ and how long does it measure

A

Fibromuscular organ
3 cm in length

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3
Q

The prostate surrounds the

A

Neck or bladder and urethra

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4
Q

What 2 structures pass through the prostate gland

A

Urethra and ejaculator ducts

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5
Q

The urethra runs through the ___ of the prostate

A

Center

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6
Q

What does the vas deferens do

A

Bring sperm from the testes to the seminal vesicles

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7
Q

What do the seminal vesicles contribute

A

Fluid to semen during ejaculation

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8
Q

What does the prostate secrete

A

Milky and alkaline fluid that nourishes and protects sperm

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9
Q

The prostate fluid contains chemicals that make

A

Semen more liquidy so that sperm can swim more freely

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10
Q

What is the average amount of semen released during ejaculation is between - ml

A

2-5 ml

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11
Q

What are the 3 zones of the prostate gland

A

Central zone
Peripheral zone
Transition zone

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12
Q

This zone of the prostate occupies __% of the gland

A

25%

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13
Q

The central zone consists of _____ glands which open directly into

A

Mucosal glands
Directly into the urethra

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14
Q

This zone of the prostate occupies __% and also the major site for _____

A

Peripheral
70%
Major site for prostatic cancer

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15
Q

Glands in the peripheral zone opens into the ____ via the ___ ducts

A

Urethra via the long ducts

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16
Q

This zone of the prostate is the site where most benign prostatic hyperplasia originates

A

Transition zone

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17
Q

Glands of the transitional zone of the prostate are _____ and they open into the ____ via ____ ducts

A

Submucosal
Urethra via short ducts

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18
Q

This is the most superior part of the prostate gland

A

Base

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19
Q

The base of the prostate is __cm portion of this gland

A

1cm

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20
Q

The base of the prostate lies

A

Against and continuous with bladder neck

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21
Q

Anterior to the base of the prostate is the

A

Symphysis pubis

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22
Q

This is the most inferior portion of the prostate gland

A

Apex

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23
Q

The apex of the prostate is ____ cm portion of the gland

A

0.5cm

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24
Q

Where is the apex of the prostate lies

A

Infertiot to the upper surface of the urogenital diaphragm

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25
What is the space between the base and apex called
Mid-gland
26
The peripheral zone is separated from the other 2 zones by a
Capsule
27
The central zone extends from the
Base to narrowing at the verumontanum
28
What is the verumontnum
Enterance of seminal vesicle
29
Where is the central zone located
Base of prostate
30
In the central zone the inward extension of ______ space composed of
Extraprostatic space, losse connective tissue
31
Where is the site where the seminal vesicles and/or ejaculatory ducts enter the central zone
Extraprostatic space
32
Extraprostatic space is devoid of
Prostatic capsule
33
Where does the centra zone terminate
Proximal urethra near the verumontanum
34
Which zone do benign prostatic hyperplasia usually originate
Transitional zone
35
What is the main function of the prostate
Secrete milky & alkaline fluids that nourishes and protects sperm
36
The fluid from the prostate forms the main bulk of
Ejaculation
37
The vas deferens bring sperm form ___ to ___ ___
Testes to seminal vesicles
38
The seminal vesicles contribute
Fluid to semen during ejaculation
39
2 small pea-sized exocrine glands
Bulbourethral gland
40
Where are the bulbourethral glands located
Behind and lateral to urehtra at base of penis
41
The bulbourethral gland releases ____ to lubricate the ____ to allow ____ to pass through. Bulbourethral glands helps flush out any _____ urine or ____ matter and reduces ____
Release fluid to lub urethra to allow sperm to pass through Residual, foreign, reduces acidity of urethra
42
Where does the arterial supply of the prostate gland comes from
Internal iliac artery Inferior vesical artery Middle rectal artery Internal pudendal artery
43
What is the venous drainage of the prostate gland form and drain
Veins form prostatic plexus Drain into Interal iliac vein
44
Lymphatics of the prostate gland drain in how many directions
3
45
What are the directions of lymphatic drainage
Lymphatics from prostate Lymphatics from dorsal region Lymphatics from apex of prostate
46
The lymphatics from the prostate gland mainy drain along the
Prostatic & internal iliac vessels into internal and common iliac lymph nodes
47
The prostate gland receives sympathetic input via the Parasympathetic input via the
S - Hypogastric nerve P - Pelvic nerve
48
What is the relational anatomy of the prostate: Anterior
Symphysis pubis Abdominal wall Urethra enters near anterior wall
49
What is the relational anatomy of the prostate: Inferior
Perineum Urogenital diaphragm
50
What is the relational anatomy of the prostate: Posterior
Rectum Ejaculatory ducts enter posterior-superior
51
What is the relational anatomy of the prostate: Lateral
Levatr ani muscles
52
What is the relational anatomy of the prostate: Superior
Bladder
53
What are the indications for an U/S test on the prostate
Trouble urinating Blood in urine Low sperm count
54
What approaches can you take to look at the prostate
Transabdominal Transrectal
55
What is the sonographical appearance of the prostate
Homogenous, low-level echoes
56
Acid phosphatase is found in
Prostate gland and semen in high concentrations
57
When is acid phosphatase elevated
Carcinoma has spread beyond prostate capsule
58
Alkaline phosphatase is produced by
Osteoblasts
59
Enzyme whose purpose is to break down coagulated semen
Prostate specific antigen
60
When is alkaline phosphatase elevated
Associated with bony metastases, not specific to prostate cancer
61
When is PSA (Prostate specific antigen) elevated
Benign prostatic hyperplasia INfection Carcinoma High risk of cancer spread beyond prostate

Reproductive Sonography (9 decks)

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